OBJECTIVE: To determine whether higher level or improvements over time in pain self-efficacy (PSE) and expectations of intervention effectiveness lead to better outcomes and whether the intervention used to manage rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP) impacts PSE and expectations over time.
METHODS: Secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial.
METHODS: 123 individuals (48 [15] years old; 51% female) with RCRSP.
METHODS: Participants randomised into one of three 12-weeks interventions (education; education and motor control exercises; education and strengthening exercises).
METHODS: QuickDASH and Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) were administered at baseline and 12 weeks. Pain self-efficacy was assessed at 0 and 6 weeks. Patients\' expectations regarding intervention effectiveness were assessed before randomisation and after the first and the last intervention sessions. NparLD were used for the analyses. A time effect indicated a significant change in patients\' expectations or PSE over time, while a resolution effect indicated a significant difference in patients\' expectations or PSE between those whose symptoms resolved and those whose did not.
RESULTS: Patients\' expectations (-3 to 3) increased over time (0.33/3 [0.19 to 0.77]). Overall expectations were higher for those who experienced symptom resolution based on the WORC (0.19/3 [0.05 to 0.33]). PSE increased over time (5.5/60 [3.6 to 7.4]). Overall PSE was higher for those who experienced symptom resolution based on the WORC (7.0 [3.9 to 10.1]) and the QuickDASH (4.9 [1.7 to 8.2]).
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should consider monitoring PSE and patients\' expectations as they are important indicators of outcome. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PAPER.

UNASSIGNED: Antifibrotic therapies reduce lung function decline in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This single-arm, open-label, nonrandomized study aimed to determine the influence of antifibrotic treatment on patients\' reported symptoms and expectations of the therapy.
UNASSIGNED: Fifty-two patients with confirmed IPF at a mean age of 65 ± 8.63 years (73% male) completed the following surveys at baseline and after 12 months of Pirfenidone treatment: Short Form Healthy Survey (SF-36), St. George\'s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and Patient\'s Needs and Expectations Authors\' Survey.
UNASSIGNED: The most important patients\' needs were access to novel therapy, fast and easy access to health centers specializing in IPF treatment, and the improvement of the general condition or the maintenance of its level. These needs did not change with time, except for the significantly more important right of deciding on disease management after 12 months of treatment (p = 0.014). The quality of life per SF-36, after 1 year of Pirfenidone treatment, significantly improved in the physical cumulative score (p = 0.004) and mental cumulative score (p = 0.003). Significant deteriorations were observed in bodily pain and vitality. For the remaining questionnaires (SGRQ, BDI, FAS, and LCQ), no significant changes in the course of the study were noticed. Around one in 10 patients subjected to Pirfenidone therapy had achieved general symptom improvement in all areas; that is, quality of life improvement as well as cough and dyspnea reduction.
UNASSIGNED: One year of antifibrotic treatment resulted in a general improvement in the quality of life per the SF-36 questionnaire. Patients\' expectations of disease management did not change; also, access to novel therapies and easy access to health centers specializing in IPF management remained their top needs.

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff lesions are a common shoulder pathology mainly affecting patients aged >50 years. This condition is accompanied by not only pain and loss of function but also impaired quality of life and psychological stress. A frequently employed treatment option is arthroscopic repair. But expectations regarding the outcome after surgery might differ between patients and surgeons and therefore lead to dissatisfaction on both sides. The aim of this study was to document patient expectations of a planned arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and compare the results with the assessment of shoulder surgeons.
METHODS: A total of 303 patients and 25 surgeons were involved in this study. Patients with partial- or full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff scheduled for arthroscopic repair were included in this study. Preoperatively, they were asked to fill out questionnaires inquiring sociodemographic data, scores of the underlying pathology, as well as expectations regarding the operation with regard to pain relief, gain of range of motion and strength, as well as the effect on activities of daily life, work, and sports. Furthermore, 25 surgeons were surveyed on what they think their patients expected using the same standardized questions.
RESULTS: Among the patients, 43.9% considered gain of range of motion to be the most important goal after rotator cuff repair, followed by pain relief (30.6%) and gain of force (13.7%). Among the surgeons, 72% believed pain relief to be the most important for their patient followed by movement (20%) and strength (8%). When asked which parameter was the most important to achieve after operation, for patients, movement was on first place, pain second, and strength third. For shoulder specialists, the ranking was pain, movement, and strength. Surgeons significantly overrated pain relief when ranking against movement compared with their patients.
CONCLUSIONS: The expectations of patients regarding their operation differ from the surgeon\'s assessment. Whereas gaining range of motion was more important for patients, surgeons clearly voted for pain relief. Different expectations should therefore be discussed within the pretreatment interview and taken into account when planning the right therapy. This might lead to better satisfaction on both sides.

Patients with advanced Parkinson\'s Disease (PD) may be eligible for Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in case of medication-related motor fluctuations or tremor refractory to oral medication. However, several PD symptoms are unresponsive to DBS and constitute relative contra-indications for DBS. Patients referred for DBS undergo an eligibility screening during which motor functioning and contra-indications for surgery are assessed. During this pre-screening the potential benefits and drawbacks of surgery are discussed, together with patients\' expectations of the results of DBS. Unrealistic expectations on the benefits of DBS may contribute to reduced patient satisfaction and poor clinical outcomes after surgery. The aim of this multicenter study (289 patients) was to assess the reasons for rejection after an outpatient-based pre-screening visit for DBS referrals, with particular emphasis on the role of patient expectations of DBS. The most frequent reason contributing to rejection was suboptimal oral treatment or satisfying symptom-control with oral medication (50% of rejections). Unrealistic expectations were identified in 38% of rejected patients and were the singular reason for rejection in 4%. Incorporating the assessment of unrealistic expectations increased the accuracy (Area Under the Curve) of determining DBS eligibility from 0.92 ((95% confidence interval (95%CI) 0.88-0.97) to 0.97 (95%CI 0.96-0.99). Patients\' expectations of DBS are easily checked, and better education of patients and treating neurologists with regard to unrealistic expectations of this procedure may improve efficiency of referrals and avoid unnecessary stress and disappointments during screening.

Nowadays, oral implants are a leading concept in oral rehabilitation. Patient satisfaction with this treatment is high, but are the expectations of the patients met? The aim of this review was to systematically screen the literature on patients\' expectations of implant-based therapy before treatment and to assess whether these expectations were being met.
A search strategy was developed for manuscripts dealing with patients\' expectations of implant-based therapy to support different types of prosthodontics. Patients had an indication for implants, were seeking implants or had received implants. PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid/EMBASE and Cochrane/CENTRAL were searched to identify eligible studies. Two reviewers independently assessed the articles.
In total, 16 out of 3312 studies assessing patients\' expectations of patients before implant-based therapy matched the inclusion criteria. A variety of methods were used in the studies. Patients had high expectations, with function followed by aesthetics being the most important expected improvements. Women had higher expectations than men. Costs were a major factor against implant-based therapy. The expectations that implants will last a lifetime and require no special needs of oral hygiene were of concern.
Prior to treatment, patients have high expectations of implant therapy. In general, these expectations are met. Most studies revealed that women have higher expectations than men. The variety of applied study designs impaired comparability of results. Thus, standardised methods for measuring expectations of implant-based therapy are eagerly needed.

What do patients expect from treatment with Dental Implants? Perceptions, expectations and misconceptions: A multicenter study. Yao J, Li M, Tang H, Want P-L, Zhao Y-X, McGrath C, Mattheos N. Clin Oral Implants Res 28(3):261-71.
Information not available TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN: Cross-sectional study (survey).