背景技术很少讨论出血性囊肿的胰腺假性囊肿的亚型,这些病例中约有10%发生。它们是由外渗的蛋白水解酶对邻近血管壁的侵蚀引起的。进行了回顾性分析,以临床表征危险因素,治疗,以及胰腺出血性囊肿患者的预后。材料与方法回顾性研究包括来自卡托维兹消化道外科的患者,波兰,他们从2016年1月到2022年11月接受了胰腺出血性囊肿的手术治疗。我们收集并评估了囊肿病因的数据,症状,影像学检查,危险因素,时间,type,和手术并发症。结果患者的主要症状为腹痛,在5例(62.5%)患者中注意到。囊肿最常见的病因是急性胰腺炎,5例(62.5%)。最常见的定位是胰腺的尾部,3例(36.5%)。囊肿的最大尺寸为98±68(30-200)mm。每个病人都需要手术干预。患者接受了远端胰腺切除术(n=3)或袋化(n=5)。观察到1例(12.5%)术后并发症,而死亡率为0%。结论出血性囊肿是一种危及生命的胰腺炎并发症,需要立即治疗。在大多数情况下,开腹手术是首选的治疗方法。尽管微创技术不断发展,手术治疗仍然是唯一有效的治疗方法。根据囊肿的定位和技术可能性,可以应用胰腺切除术或袋袋化术,两者的并发症和死亡率都很低。
BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic cysts are rarely discussed subtypes of pancreatic pseudocysts that occur in about 10% of these cases. They are caused by erosion of the walls of neighboring vessels by extravasated proteolytic pancreatic enzymes. A retrospective analysis was performed to clinically characterize risk factors, treatment, and outcome in patients with hemorrhagic cysts of the pancreas. MATERIAL AND METHODS The retrospective study included patients from the Department of Digestive Tract Surgery in Katowice, Poland, who were treated surgically for a pancreatic hemorrhagic cyst from January 2016 to November 2022. We gathered and assessed data on cyst etiology, symptoms, imaging examinations, risk factors, time, type, and complications of surgery. RESULTS The main symptom was abdominal pain, noted in 5 (62.5%) patients. The most common etiology of cyst was acute pancreatitis, which occurred in 5 patients (62.5%). The most common localization was the tail of pancreas, found in 3 patients (36.5%). The largest dimension of the cyst was 98±68 (30-200) mm. Every patient needed surgical intervention. Patients underwent distal pancreatectomy (n=3) or marsupialization (n=5). One (12.5%) postoperative complication was observed, while mortality was 0%. CONCLUSIONS Hemorrhagic cyst is a life-threatening complication of pancreatitis requiring immediate treatment. In most cases, open surgery is the treatment of choice. Despite the continuous development of minimally invasive techniques, surgical treatment remains the only effective treatment method. Depending on the cyst localization and technical possibilities, pancreatectomy or marsupialization can be applied, and both of them have low complication and mortality rates.