随着电子设备的逐渐小型化和人们对可穿戴设备的兴趣日益浓厚,柔性微电子正在积极研究。由于现有电池系统与小型化相对应的局限性,需要灵活的替代电源。因此,使用具有压电性能的氟化聚合物从周围环境系统中收集能量已经受到了极大的关注。其中,聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和PVDF共聚物由于其优异的压电性能,作为代表性的有机压电材料,机械灵活性,热稳定性,和重量轻。静电纺丝是从聚合物溶液制造具有优异的表面与体积比的纳米纤维网的有效方法。在静电纺丝过程中,对聚合物溶液进行机械拉伸和原位极化,对应于外部强电场。因此,PVDF中压电β相的分数可以通过静电纺丝工艺来提高,和增强的收获输出可以实现。概述了由PVDF或PVDF共聚物组成的静电纺丝压电纤维网,以及提高收获产量方法的最新进展,如光纤对齐,掺杂各种纳米填料,和同轴纤维,正在讨论。此外,回顾了这些网格作为传感器的其他应用。
With the gradual miniaturization of electronic devices and the increasing interest in wearable devices, flexible microelectronics is being actively studied. Owing to the limitations of existing battery systems corresponding to miniaturization, there is a need for flexible alternative power sources. Accordingly, energy harvesting from surrounding environmental systems using fluorinated polymers with piezoelectric properties has received significant attention. Among them, polyvinylidene fluoride (
PVDF) and
PVDF co-polymers have been researched as representative organo-piezoelectric materials because of their excellent piezoelectric properties, mechanical flexibility, thermal stability, and light weight. Electrospinning is an effective method for fabricating nanofibrous meshes with superior surface-to-volume ratios from polymer solutions. During electrospinning, the polymer solution is subjected to mechanical stretching and in situ poling, corresponding to an external strong electric field. Consequently, the fraction of the piezoelectric β-phase in
PVDF can be improved by the electrospinning process, and enhanced harvesting output can be realized. An overview of electrospun piezoelectric fibrous meshes composed of
PVDF or
PVDF co-polymers to be utilized is presented, and the recent progress in enhancement methods for harvesting output, such as fiber alignment, doping with various nanofillers, and coaxial fibers, is discussed. Additionally, other applications of these meshes as sensors are reviewed.