在现代城市空间中,绿色基础设施因其对可持续性问题的积极影响而越来越重要,视觉吸引力,以及个人的福祉。另一方面,环境可持续性已成为政府和组织议程中的强制性要求。因此,对跨越关键应用的绿色立面和屋顶的效率和可持续性进行系统分析,利益和实施限制是受欢迎的。在本文中,我们采用了PRISMA方法来研究这些问题是如何在最近的文献中得到解决的,包含在SCOPUS数据库索引的科学期刊上发表的文章。在网络搜索之后,选择,系统化,以及对这些文献的分析,据透露,绿色外墙和屋顶的效率主要与建筑物的能源和热性能有关,这带来了明确的多重好处(例如,消费储蓄,缓解城市热岛效应),尽管存在一些障碍(例如,安装和维护成本)。关于绿色外墙和屋顶的其他讨论涉及它们在雨水管理中的宝贵作用,考虑到它们的保留能力,以及在处理废水以再用于非饮用水应用中,考虑到它们的过滤能力。还发现需要通过使用更清洁的技术和回收材料来改善绿色基础设施,选择适合当地气候的植物,最小化建筑,交通运输,处置和维护成本。在这些情况下,如果在整个生命周期内将成本降至最低,则可以预测效率和可持续性会成功。并辅之以激励政策(例如,减税,敏捷管理流程)和由设计师组成的多学科团队之间的协作,建筑商,市政规划者以及学术界和市场界。
In the modern urban space, green infrastructures have been gaining increasing relevance due to their positive impacts on sustainability issues, visual appeal, and the well-being of individuals. On the other hand, environmental sustainability has become mandatory in the agenda of governments and organizations. Thus, a systematic analysis on the efficiency and sustainability of green facades and roofs spanning key applications, benefits and implementation constraints is welcome. In this paper, we employed the PRISMA method to investigate how these matters were addressed in the recent literature, comprising articles published in scientific journals indexed to the SCOPUS database. Following the web search, selection, systematization, and analysis of that literature, it was revealed that the efficiency of green facades and roofs has been mostly associated with energy and thermal performance in buildings, which brings unequivocal multiple benefits (e.g., consumption savings, mitigation of urban heat island effects) despite of some barriers (e.g., installation and maintenance costs). Other discussions about green facades and roofs involved their valuable roles in stormwater management, considering their retention capacity, and in the treatment of wastewater for reuse in non-potable applications, considering their filtering capacity. It was also discovered the need to improve green infrastructures through the use of cleaner technologies and recycled materials, selection of plants that are appropriate for the local climate, and minimization of construction, transportation, disposal and maintenance costs. Efficiency and sustainability in these cases was prognosed to succeed if the costs were minimized throughout the entire life cycle, and complemented with incentive policies (e.g., tax reduction, agile administrative processes) and collaboration among multidisciplinary teams comprising designers, builders, municipality planners and the academic and market worlds.