背景:Orobanche是地中海地区蚕豆上的一种专性寄生虫,造成相当大的产量损失。向Orobanche育种耐性蚕豆基因型对于维持生产和确保全球粮食安全至关重要,特别是考虑到人口增长带来的挑战。在本研究中,在2020-2021年和2021-2022年的生长季节,在线×测试仪交配设计中使用了七个蚕豆线和四个测试仪。在Orobanche游离和自然侵染的土壤中评估了11个亲本及其28个F1杂交。
结果:结果显示所评估的基因型之间存在相当大的差异,父母材料之间的广泛多样性,以及在无Orobanche和受侵染的土壤下所有研究的农艺性状的杂种优势。Orbanche侵染对所有研究的农艺性状均表现出显着的不利影响。基因型Line1,Line2,Line3和Line5在Orobanche感染的条件下表现出优异的性能,并记录了所有研究的农艺性状的最高值。此外,Line1,Line2,Line3,Line5和Line7在两种侵染条件下对大多数评估的性状表现出理想的显着GCA。对于所研究的农艺性状,例如植物高度,获得的杂交显示出显着的负或正杂种优势,每株植物的分支数,每株植物的豆荚数量,每株植物的种子数量,并观察到每株植物的种子重量。此外,特定的杂交组合,例如Line2×Sakha3,Line3×Nubaria5,Line7×Nubaria5,Line6×Nubaria1,Line5×Sakha3,Line1×Sakha3和Line1×Nubaria5在Orobanche侵染条件下在种子产量和贡献性状方面表现优异。此外,这些特定的杂交在减少Orobanche穗的干重方面显示出优异的功效。从GGE双plot分析获得的结果与线×测试仪程序的结果密切相关,确认GGE双plot作为评估行×测试仪数据中基因型结合能力的有价值的统计工具的重要性。据报道,加性和非加性基因作用均主要参与蚕豆中研究的农艺性状的遗传。
结论:在评估的蚕豆基因型及其发育的杂交中检测到的遗传多样性显示出在Orobanche感染条件下提高蚕豆生产力的巨大潜力。亲本基因型,Line1、Line2、Line3、Line5和Line7被鉴定为有效且有前途的组合物。此外,已开发的杂交品种Line2×Sakha3,Line3×Nubaria5,Line7×Nubaria5,Line6×Nubaria1,Line5×Sakha3,Line1×Sakha3和Line1×Nubaria5可以被认为是开发高产和耐性蚕豆基因到Orobanche的有价值的候选人。
BACKGROUND: Orobanche is an obligate parasite on faba bean in the Mediterranean region, causes considerable yield losses. Breeding tolerant faba bean genotypes to
Orobanche is pivotal to sustain production and ensuring global food security, particularly considering the challenges posed by population growth. In the present study, seven faba bean lines and four testers were used in a line×tester mating design during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons. The eleven parents and their 28 F1 crosses were evaluated under
Orobanche free and naturally infested soils.
RESULTS: The results demonstrated considerable variations among the evaluated genotypes, wide diversity among the parental materials, and heterotic effects for all studied agronomic traits under Orobanche-free and infested soils. Orbanche infestation displayed a significant adverse impact on all the studied agronomic traits. The genotypes Line1, Line2, Line3, and Line5 displayed superior performance under
Orobanche-infested conditions and recorded the highest values of all studied agronomic traits. Additionally, Line1, Line2, Line3, Line5, and Line7 exhibited desirable significant GCA for most evaluated traits under the two infestation conditions. The obtained crosses displayed significant negative or positive heterosis for studied agronomic characters such as plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and seed weight per plant were observed. Furthermore, specific cross combinations such as Line2×Sakha3, Line3×Nubaria5, Line7 × Nubaria5, Line6×Nubaria1, Line5×Sakha3, Line1×Sakha3, and Line1 × Nubaria5 exhibited superior performance in seed yield and contributing traits under Orobanche-infested conditions. Moreover, these specific crosses showed superior efficacy in reducing dry weight of
Orobanche spikes. The results obtained from GGE biplot analysis closely aligned with those from the line×tester procedure, affirming the significance of GGE biplot as a valuable statistical tool for assessing genotype combining ability in line× tester data. Both additive and non-additive gene actions were reported to be predominantly involved in the inheritance of the studied agronomic traits in faba bean.
CONCLUSIONS: The detected genetic diversity within the evaluated faba bean genotypes and their developed crosses exhibits substantial potential for improving faba bean productivity under Orobanche-infested conditions. The parental genotypes, Line1, Line2, Line3, Line5, and Line7, were identified as effective and promising combiners. Moreover, the developed crosses Line2×Sakha3, Line3×Nubaria5, Line7×Nubaria5, Line6×Nubaria1, Line5×Sakha3, Line1×Sakha3, and Line1×Nubaria5 could be considered valuable candidates for developing high-yielding and tolerant faba bean genotypes to Orobanche.