■开放式排便有助于不同生殖道疾病的传播。因此,强烈建议使用厕所,因为它大大降低了风险。即使仅提供厕所设施并不能保证所需的健康益处,它们应该与行为改变相结合。在埃塞俄比亚,已经努力增加厕所设施的覆盖率。然而,关于家庭如何持续使用它的证据是有限的。大多数先前的研究集中在家庭中的厕所利用,在有厕所和相关因素的家庭中,关于露天排便做法的证据有限。因此,这项研究对于开发有效的干预方法以防止有厕所的家庭排便至关重要。
■这项研究的目的是评估Ararso区农村社区有厕所的家庭中的露天排便实践和相关因素,索马里地区,埃塞俄比亚东部,2023年。
■基于社区的,该地区有厕所的家庭采用了横断面研究设计。使用系统抽样技术共选择了632个家庭的厕所。使用结构化问卷和观察性检查表收集数据。问卷是在KoboTool盒子中设计的,人道主义应急软件,数据是使用KoboCollect版本2023.2.4移动应用程序收集的。数据以MicrosoftExcel格式从服务器下载以进行数据清理,然后导出到STATA版本14进行分析。采用双变量和多变量分析来研究结果与自变量之间的关系。使用具有95%置信区间的奇数比来评估结果与预测变量之间的关联。<0.05的P值用作统计学显著性的阈值点。
■在这项研究中,有厕所的家庭中开放式排便的患病率为32.4%(95%CI:28.1,35.9).家庭性别(AOR=1.60,95%CI:1.06,2.4),教育状况(AOR=2.40,95%CI:1.08,5.53),家庭人数(AOR=1.62,95%CI:1.22,2.78),房子里有5岁以下儿童(AOR=1.84,95%CI:1.19,2.75),厕所维护的需要(AOR=2.37.95%CI:1.62,3.48),厕所的现状(AOR=2.37,95%CI:1.62,3.48),厕所清洁度(不干净)(AOR=1.91,95%CI:1.29,2.81)与有厕所的家庭中的开放式排便实践显着相关。
■该研究得出结论,有厕所的家庭明显实行开放式排便。这表明仅存在厕所不足以大大减少开放性排便。为了缓解这个问题,政府和卫生工作者,与卫生局合作,应促进社区经常进行环境卫生和个人卫生教育。
Open defecation contributes to the spread of different feco-oral diseases. Therefore, access to a latrine is strongly recommended, as it considerably reduces the risks. Even though provision of latrine facilities alone does not guarantee the desired health benefits, they should be integrated with behavior change. In Ethiopia, efforts have been made to increase the coverage of latrine facilities. However, evidence on how consistently households use it is limited. Most prior studies focused on latrine utilization among households, and limited evidence is available about open defecation practices among households with latrines and associated factors. Thus, this study is critical for developing effective intervention approaches to prevent open defecation among households with latrines.
The aim of this study was to assess the open defecation practice and associated factors among households with latrines in rural communities of Ararso District, Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia, 2023.
A community-based, cross-sectional study design was employed among households with latrines in the district. A total of 632 households latrines were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. The questionnaire was designed in KoboTool box, Humanitarian Response software, and the data were collected using the Kobo Collect version 2023.2.4 mobile application. The data were downloaded from the server in the Microsoft Excel format for data cleaning before being exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were employed to investigate the relationship between outcome and independent variables. Odd ratios with 95% confidence intervals were utilized to assess the association between the outcome and the predictor variables. A P-value of <0.05 was used as the threshold point for statistical significance.
In this study, the prevalence of open defecation practice among households with latrines was 32.4% (95% CI: 28.1, 35.9). Sex of the household (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.4), educational status (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.53), family size (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.78), the presence of under-5-year-old children in the house (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.75), the need for latrine maintenance (AOR = 2.37.95% CI: 1.62, 3.48), current status of the latrine (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.62, 3.48), and latrine cleanness status (being unclean) (AOR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.81) were significantly associated with open defecation practice among households with latrine.
The study concluded that open defecation was significantly practiced by households with latrines. This revealed that the presence of a latrine alone was insufficient to considerably reduce open defecation. To alleviate this problem, the government and health workers, in collaboration with the health bureau, should promote frequent sanitation and hygiene education in the communities.