PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The use of toilet facilities is a major sanitation intervention, as it reduces the spread of diarrheal diseases. In areas where toilets are misused, human excreta may be disposed of in open fields, bushes, and other open places. However, information about the level of utilization of toilet facilities in developing regions of Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify open defecation (OD) levels and determinants of OD among household-owned toilets in Gambella town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 561 households in Gambela Town, using systematic random sampling and questionnaires. The level of OD was analyzed using frequency and percentage. The determinants of OD were assessed using binary logistic regression. Variables with a P-value less than .25 in univariable logistic regression were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical significance was declared at a P-value less than .05. The model\'s fit was tested using Hosmer and Lemeshow\'s goodness of fit. The study found that OD was 47.2% [95% CI: 43.2%-51.4%] among those who owned toilet facilities. The determinants of OD were: occupation of household head [AOR: 5.27, 95% CI: 3.08-9.00], toilet facilities lacking a superstructure [AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.16-3.43], toilet facilities lacking doors [AOR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.97-5.27], large family size [AOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.29-3.60], knowledge of the respondents [AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.50-3.99], and respondents with negative attitude [AOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74]. Therefore, key stakeholders should focus on improving toilet utilization, considering those factors in their interventions.
摘要：
厕所设施的使用是一项主要的卫生干预措施，因为它减少了腹泻病的传播。在厕所被滥用的地方，人类排泄物可以在开阔的田野里处理，灌木丛,和其他开放的地方。然而,有关埃塞俄比亚发展中地区厕所设施利用水平的信息有限。因此,这项研究旨在确定Gambella镇家用厕所中的开放式排便（OD）水平和OD的决定因素，埃塞俄比亚。在甘贝拉镇561户住户中进行了横断面调查,采用系统随机抽样和问卷调查。使用频率和百分比分析OD水平。使用二元逻辑回归评估OD的决定因素。将单变量逻辑回归中P值小于.25的变量输入多变量逻辑回归模型，P值小于0.05时具有统计学意义。使用Hosmer和Lemeshow的拟合优度测试了模型的拟合度。研究发现，拥有厕所设施的人的OD为47.2％[95％CI：43.2％-51.4％]。OD的决定因素是：户主的职业[AOR：5.27，95%CI：3.08-9.00]，缺乏上层建筑的厕所设施[AOR：2.0，95%CI：1.16-3.43]，缺少门的厕所设施[AOR：3.23，95%CI：1.97-5.27]，大家庭规模[AOR：2.16，95%CI：1.29-3.60]，受访者的知识[AOR：2.40，95%CI：1.50-3.99]，受访者持消极态度[AOR：1.76，95%CI：1.12-2.74]。因此,主要利益相关者应专注于提高厕所利用率，在他们的干预措施中考虑这些因素。
