背景:描述伊蚊幼虫的时空发生和栖息地特征对于控制伊蚊传播的病毒性疾病至关重要。这项研究评估了南部阿法尔地区伊蚊幼虫的时空丰度和栖息地特征,埃塞俄比亚。
方法:在AwashSebat调查了未成熟的蚊子,阿沃什·阿尔巴,从2022年5月到2023年4月,南部阿法尔地区的韦勒城镇每月一次。幼虫和p的调查是沿着可用的盛水容器进行的。将收集的幼虫/p饲养成虫,并在形态上按物种/属进行鉴定。还对生境的物理和化学性质进行了表征。
结果:共收集了9099只伊蚊幼虫/p,其中53.6%(4875)来自AwashSebat,29.5%(2687)来自AwashArba,16.9%(1537)来自Weer。持水轮胎的伊蚊幼虫/p数量最多,其次是储水桶。所有饲养成虫的伊蚊幼虫/p在形态上被鉴定为埃及伊蚊。整体集装箱指数为47.28%,房屋指数18.19%,Breteau指数59.94%,Pupal指数171.94。在Ae的发生中观察到显着的正相关。带保水轮胎的埃及伊蚊幼虫/p(AOR=15.89,CI=3.55-71.09,p<0.001),储水桶(AOR=19.84,CI=4.64-84.89,p<0.001),家庭栖息地(AOR=3.76,CI=1.27-11.12,p=0.017),与Ae呈显著负相关。埃及伊蚊幼虫/p的发生和自来水来源(AOR=0.08,CI=0.02-0.31,p=0.001)。Ae.埃及伊蚊幼虫/p的密度与水的溶解氧(β=0.523,p<0.001)和总硬度(β=0.475,p=0.034)呈正相关。
结论:不同类型的人工盛水容器对Ae呈阳性。埃及伊蚊幼虫/蛹.Ae.埃及伊蚊幼虫/p在使用过的保水轮胎中很丰富,储水桶,和AwashSebat的水泥罐,阿沃什·阿尔巴,和Werer城镇。这可能会使城镇居民面临感染Ae的高风险。埃及伊蚊传播病毒疾病,如基孔肯雅热和登革热暴发。因此,我们建议将人工盛水容器管理作为控制Ae的策略。埃及伊蚊,从而传播虫媒病毒病。
BACKGROUND: Describing spatio-temporal
occurrence and habitat characteristics of Aedes mosquito larvae is crucial for the control of Aedes borne viral diseases. This study assessed spatio-temporal abundance and habitat characteristics of Aedes larvae in the Southern Afar Region, Ethiopia.
METHODS: Immature mosquitoes were surveyed in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns of the Southern Afar Region once per month from May 2022 to April 2023. Larvae and pupae surveys were carried out along the available water-holding containers. The collected larvae/pupae were reared to adults and identified by species/genus morphologically. The physical and chemical properties of the habitats were also characterized.
RESULTS: A total of 9099 Aedes larvae/pupae were collected, of which 53.6% (4875) were from Awash Sebat, 29.5% (2687) from Awash Arba and 16.9% (1537) from Werer. Water-holding tyres harboured the highest number of Aedes larvae/pupae followed by water-storage drums. All the Aedes larvae/pupae reared to adults were morphologically identified as Aedes aegypti. The overall Container Index was 47.28%, House Index 18.19%, Breteau Index 59.94% and Pupal Index 171.94. Significant positive relations were observed in the occurrences of Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae with water-holding tyre (AOR = 15.89, CI = 3.55-71.09, p < 0.001), water storage drums (AOR = 19.84, CI = 4.64-84.89, p < 0.001), domestic habitat (AOR = 3.76, CI = 1.27-11.12, p = 0.017), and significant negative relations were observed with Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae
occurrence and tap water source (AOR = 0.08, CI = 0.02-0.31, p = 0.001). Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae densities showed positive relations with dissolved oxygen (β = 0.523, p < 0.001) and total hardness (β = 0.475, p = 0.034) of water.
CONCLUSIONS: Diverse types of artificial water-holding containers were positive for Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae. Ae. aegypti larvae/pupae were abundant in used water-holding tyres, water storage drums, and cement tanks in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns. This could put the residents of the towns at high risk of infections with Ae. aegypti transmitted viral diseases such as chikungunya and dengue outbreaks. Thus, we recommend artificial water-holding container management as a strategy to control Ae. aegypti and hence the arboviral diseases transmission.