背景:家庭社会经济指标(教育,职业,和家庭收入)是影响儿童身体活动(PA)的关键决定因素。本研究旨在系统回顾当前有关家庭社会经济指标与小学学龄儿童PA之间关联的研究,并根据分析和评估方法量化按儿童和父母性别报告的关联分布。
方法:在多个科学数据库中进行系统的文献研究(MEDLINE通过PubMed,WebofScience,ScienceDirect,SPORTDiscus和ERIC)是针对2010年1月1日至2022年3月31日之间发表的文献进行的。只有报告至少一位家长的SES指标之间的统计关联的研究(教育,职业,收入,或SES指数),分析中包括了小学学龄儿童(6至12岁)中PA的不同类型和强度。通过评估方法的亚组分析对报告的关联分布进行了评估和区分(客观测量与自我报告PA)和分析方法(单变量与多变量模型)。
结果:总体而言,本综述包括77篇出版物中报道的93项研究。大多数研究是在欧洲进行的,并使用自我报告(问卷)来评估PA。大多数研究只使用单一的SES指标(通常是母亲教育),只有两项研究计算了SES指数。大多数研究集中在中等至剧烈的体力活动(MVPA),总体力活动(TPA),有组织的身体活动(OPA)。结果显示SES指标与OPA之间主要呈正相关。相比之下,关于不同强度的每日PA(TPA,LPA,MPA,MVPA,VPA,LTPA)是异质的,绝大多数没有关联。
结论:总体而言,研究结果扩展了有关家庭社会经济指标与儿童PA之间关联的知识,并反驳了明显正关联的假设。然而,大型多中心研究缺乏使用真实的SES指数作为预测指标和分析性别特异性多变量模型。
BACKGROUND: Family socioeconomic indicators (education,
occupation, and household income) are key determinants influencing children\'s physical activity (PA). This study aims to systematically review the current research about the association between family socioeconomic indicators and PA among primary school-aged children and to quantify the distribution of reported associations by childs\' and parents\' sex and according to analysis and assessment methods.
METHODS: A systematic literature research in multiple scientific databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SPORTDiscus and ERIC) was performed for literature published between 1st January 2010 and 31st March 2022. Only studies reporting statistical associations between an SES indicator of at least one parent (education,
occupation, income, or an SES index) and different types and intensities of PA in primary school-aged children (6 to 12 years) were included in the analysis. The distributions of the reported associations were evaluated across and differentiated by sub-group analysis of assessment methods (objectively measured vs. self-reported PA) and analysis methods (univariate vs. multivariate models).
RESULTS: Overall, 93 studies reported in 77 publications were included in this review. Most of the studies were conducted in Europe and used self-reports (questionnaires) to assess PA. Most studies used only a single SES indicator (commonly maternal education), and only two studies calculated an SES index. The majority of the studies focused on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), total physical activity (TPA), and organized physical activity (OPA). Results showed predominantly positive associations between SES indicators and OPA. In contrast, results regarding different intensities of daily PA (TPA, LPA, MPA, MVPA, VPA, LTPA) were heterogeneous, with overwhelmingly no associations.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results expand the knowledge about the association between family socioeconomic indicators and children\'s PA and disprove the hypothesis of a clear positive association. However, large multicenter studies are lacking using a real SES index as a predictor and analyzing gender-specific multivariate models.