目的:本研究旨在全面回顾幽门螺杆菌成功定植和感染过程的多方面因素(H.pylori),人类中一种突出的革兰氏阴性病原体。重点是阐明功能,机制,遗传调控,和这些元素的潜在交叉相互作用。
方法:采用文献综述方法,本研究探讨了幽门螺杆菌与其宿主之间复杂的相互作用.它深入研究了像VacA这样的毒力因子,卡加,Dupa,脲酶,连同相位可变基因,比如baba,babC,HopZ,等。,通过漏斗和森林地块以统计数据的形式添加了这些因素与感染的关联,引用了毒力的潜力,并为毒力因子增加了地理偏见的一个方面。单独检查了这些因素的生化特征和临床相关性及其对宿主细胞的影响,全面和统计。
结果:H.幽门螺杆菌是革兰氏阴性的,螺旋细菌成功地在世界一半以上人口的胃中定居,引起消化性溃疡,胃癌,MALT淋巴瘤,和其他胃十二指肠疾病。幽门螺杆菌感染的临床结果受毒力因子和感染菌株产生的相位可变基因与宿主遗传背景之间复杂的相互作用的影响。还附加了所有主要毒力因子流行率的荟萃分析。
结论:本研究阐明了促进幽门螺杆菌定植和感染的多种因素。毒力因子之间的相互作用,相位可变基因,宿主遗传学决定了感染的结果。尽管对许多因素有生化见解,他们的全面监管仍然是一个研究不足的领域。通过提供这些因素及其功能的全景视图,这项研究增强了对细菌观点的理解,即幽门螺杆菌从浸润到在宿主胃内成功建立的旅程。
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to comprehensively review the multifaceted factors underlying the successful colonization and infection process of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a prominent Gram-negative pathogen in humans. The focus is on elucidating the functions, mechanisms, genetic regulation, and potential cross-interactions of these elements.
METHODS: Employing a literature review approach, this study examines the intricate interactions between H. pylori and its host. It delves into virulence factors like VacA, CagA, DupA, Urease, along with phase variable genes, such as babA, babC, hopZ, etc., giving insights about the bacterial perspective of the infection The association of these factors with the infection has also been added in the form of statistical data via Funnel and Forest plots, citing the potential of the virulence and also adding an aspect of geographical biasness to the virulence factors. The biochemical characteristics and clinical relevance of these factors and their effects on host cells are individually examined, both comprehensively and statistically.
RESULTS: H. pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral bacterium that successfully colonises the stomach of more than half of the world\'s population, causing peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, MALT lymphoma, and other gastro-duodenal disorders. The clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection are influenced by a complex interplay between virulence factors and phase variable genes produced by the infecting strain and the host genetic background. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of all the major virulence factors has also been appended.
CONCLUSIONS: This study illuminates the diverse elements contributing to H. pylori\'s colonization and infection. The interplay between virulence factors, phase variable genes, and host genetics determines the outcome of the infection. Despite biochemical insights into many factors, their comprehensive regulation remains an understudied area. By offering a panoramic view of these factors and their functions, this study enhances understanding of the bacterium\'s perspective, i.e. H. pylori\'s journey from infiltration to successful establishment within the host\'s stomach.