OBJECTIVE: Melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin cancer in the world. Despite the advances in molecular diagnosis, the differential diagnosis between melanoma and benign melanocytic tumors relies on histopathology. However, not all of the criteria for the microscopy of a biopsy of a melanocytic tumor are applicable to all locations.
METHODS: We highlight these difficulties in the presentation of 2cases of melanocytic tumors in unusual locations which were diagnostically challenging.
RESULTS: After analyzing the relevant literature, the atypical histopathological characteristics of melanocytic tumors could be specified for unusual anatomical sites.

The application of emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) has attracted widespread attention in environmental remediation. Residual morphology is an important factor affecting its migration and mass transfer. However, proper identification of the EVO residual morphology at pore-scale has still remained a challenging task. Hence, this study aimed to identify the residual morphology of nanoscale EVO (NEVO) through developing a method combining natural breaks with 3D X-ray microtomography, then further explore the genetic mechanism of each residual morphology to verify the rationality of this method. The results showed that the natural breaks method can effectively classify the residual morphology of NEVO. Four morphologies including cluster, throat, corner, and membrane state were obtained from coarse, medium, and fine sands with a total proportion of 18.3%, 26.2%, and 30.8%. The cluster state was the main residual morphology, accounting for 10.0- 16.2%, then followed by corner-throat state and membrane state. Pore radius, throat radius, and length were confirmed providing sufficient evidences for cluster residues, because these factors determined the connectivity of porous media for the trapping of droplets. Comparison of the theoretical and actual results implied that capillarity coupling pore-throat shape jointly controlled corner and throat residues. Grain surface roughness and specific surface area were the main factors of membrane residue. The different residual morphologies of NEVO identified by the natural breaks method can reasonably explain their magnitude and controlling mechanisms, which in turn confirms the rationality of this method. Although the proportions of each form are related to the experimental conditions, the classification method and mechanism are of great significance for understanding NEVO residues.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the vascular healing process between the sirolimus-eluting NEVO and the everolimus-eluting Xience stent by optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 1-year follow-up.
BACKGROUND: Presence of durable polymer on a drug-eluting metallic stent may be the basis of an inflammatory reaction with abnormal healing response. The NEVO stent, having a bioresorbable polymer eluted by reservoir technology, may overcome this problem.
METHODS: All consecutive patients, who received NEVO or Xience stent implantation between September 2010 and October 2010 in our institution, were included. Vascular healing was assessed at 1-year as percentage of uncovered struts, neointimal thickness (NIT), in-stent/stent area obstruction and pattern of neointima.
RESULTS: A total 47 patients (2:1 randomization, n = 32 NEVO, n = 15 Xience) were included. Eighteen patients underwent angiographic follow-up (eight patients with nine lesions for NEVO vs. 10 patients with 11 lesions for Xience). The angiographic late loss was numerically higher but not statistically different in NEVO compared with Xience treated lesions (0.38 ± 0.47 mm vs. 0.18 ± 0.27 mm; P = 0.171). OCT analysis of 4,912 struts demonstrated similar rates of uncovered struts (0.5 vs. 0.7%, P = 0.462), higher mean NIT (177.76 ± 87.76 µm vs. 132.22 ± 30.91 µm; P = 0.170) and in stent/stent area obstruction (23.02 ± 14.74% vs. 14.17 ± 5.94%, P = 0.120) in the NEVO as compared with Xience.
CONCLUSIONS: The NEVO stent with a reservoir technology seems to exhibit more neointimal proliferation as compared to Xience stent. The findings of our study, which currently represent the unique data existing on this reservoir technology, would need to be confirmed in a large population.

OBJECTIVE: Nutrient values are influenced by the analytical method used. Food folate measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or by microbiological assay (MA) yield different results, with in general higher results from MA than from HPLC. This leads to the question of how to deal with different analytical methods in compiling standardised and internationally comparable food composition databases? A recent inventory on folate in European food composition databases indicated that currently MA is more widely used than HPCL. Since older Dutch values are produced by HPLC and newer values by MA, analytical methods and procedures for compiling folate data in the Dutch Food Composition Database (NEVO) were reconsidered and folate values were updated. This article describes the impact of this revision of folate values in the NEVO database as well as the expected impact on the folate intake assessment in the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS).
METHODS: The folate values were revised by replacing HPLC with MA values from recent Dutch analyses. Previously MA folate values taken from foreign food composition tables had been recalculated to the HPLC level, assuming a 27% lower value from HPLC analyses. These recalculated values were replaced by the original MA values. Dutch HPLC and MA values were compared to each other. Folate intake was assessed for a subgroup within the DNFCS to estimate the impact of the update.
RESULTS: In the updated NEVO database nearly all folate values were produced by MA or derived from MA values which resulted in an average increase of 24%. The median habitual folate intake in young children was increased by 11-15% using the updated folate values.
CONCLUSIONS: The current approach for folate in NEVO resulted in more transparency in data production and documentation and higher comparability among European databases. Results of food consumption surveys are expected to show higher folate intakes when using the updated values.