目前,构建新型仿生还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)基纳米复合材料以诱导神经突发芽并修复受损的神经元代表了促进神经元发育或治疗脑缺氧或缺血的有前途的策略。这里,我们提出了一种通过将Pd共价结合到RGO表面以增强培养神经元的神经突发芽来构建钯还原氧化石墨烯(Pd-RGO)纳米复合材料的有效方法。如上所述,Pd-RGO纳米复合材料表现出更好的生物相容性而不影响细胞活力所需的物理化学特征。在Pd-RGO纳米复合材料上培养的原代神经元的神经元过程的数量和长度显着增加,包括轴突和树突,与对照相比。Westernblotting结果显示,Pd-RGO纳米复合材料提高了生长相关蛋白-43(GAP-43)的表达水平,以及β-III微管蛋白,Tau-1,微管相关蛋白-2(MAP2),参与调节神经突发芽和生长的四种蛋白质。重要的是,Pd-RGO在氧-葡萄糖剥夺/复氧(OGD/R)条件下显着促进神经突长度和复杂性,缺血性脑损伤的体外细胞模型,与神经元GAP-43表达密切相关。此外,采用大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)模型,我们发现Pd-RGO能有效减少梗死面积,大脑中神经元凋亡减少,改善了MCAO后大鼠的行为结果。一起,这些结果表明,Pd-RGO纳米复合材料作为一种新型优异的仿生神经接口材料具有巨大的潜力,阐明了其在脑损伤中的应用。
Currently, the construction of novel biomimetic reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based nanocomposites to induce
neurite sprouting and repair the injured neurons represents a promising strategy in promoting neuronal development or treatment of cerebral anoxia or ischemia. Here, we present an effective method for constructing palladium-reduced graphene oxide (Pd-RGO) nanocomposites by covalently bonding Pd onto RGO surfaces to enhance
neurite sprouting of cultured neurons. As described, the Pd-RGO nanocomposites exhibit the required physicochemical features for better biocompatibility without impacting cell viability. Primary neurons cultured on Pd-RGO nanocomposites had significantly increased number and length of neuronal processes, including both axons and dendrites, compared with the control. Western blotting showed that Pd-RGO nanocomposites improved the expression levels of growth associate protein-43 (GAP-43), as well as β-III tubulin, Tau-1, microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP2), four proteins that are involved in regulating
neurite sprouting and outgrowth. Importantly, Pd-RGO significantly promoted
neurite length and complexity under oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) conditions, an in vitro cellular model of ischemic brain damage, that closely relates to neuronal GAP-43 expression. Furthermore, using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats, we found Pd-RGO effectively reduced the infarct area, decreased neuronal apoptosis in the brain, and improved the rats\' behavioral outcomes after MCAO. Together, these results indicate the great potential of Pd-RGO nanocomposites as a novel excellent biomimetic material for neural interfacing that shed light on its applications in brain injuries.