农业和野生动物之间的关系既可以是协同的,也可以是具有挑战性的,随着农业用地面积的增加,农业和野生动物共存变得越来越重要。这项研究旨在描述巴西塞拉多和大西洋森林遗址中鸟类和哺乳动物对新鲜钻探的干豆田的使用情况,以及它们在作物和非作物区域(具有本地永久植被和其他周围的作物田)中的多样性和丰度在四个不同的农场。进行了全面调查,利用各种抽样方法,包括点数,觅食计数,跟踪摄像机,偶尔相遇。登记了12,518只鸟类(包括306种)和313种哺乳动物(包括34种)的接触。非作物区域表现出更高的物种丰富度,丰度,和多样性比所有农场的作物面积。对于鸟类来说,在作物中记录了47种,其中15种被归类为食虫动物,15作为食肆,7作为杂食动物,7作为食肉动物,和3个食肉动物。每个物种的作物内观察次数很少。在作物中观察到的31种作物的非作物丰度更高,表明干豆田可能不是这些物种的首选栖息地。分类为食肉动物的物种最有可能以干豆种子为食。然而,在作物区域观察到的几乎所有有粒食性物种都太小,无法以干豆种子为食。对哺乳动物来说,在作物中记录了9种,其中4人被归类为食肉动物,3作为杂食动物,一个是食虫动物,还有一个是Granivore.此外,尽管付出了巨大的努力,在这项研究中,没有证据表明鸟类和哺乳动物以干豆种子为食。结果突出了旱豆田中休耕区的重要性,其特征是比作物更多样化和丰富的鸟类群落。
The relationship between agriculture and wildlife can be both synergetic and challenging, as the increased surface of agricultural land makes it increasingly important for agriculture and wildlife to coexist. This study aims to describe the use of freshly drilled dry bean fields by birds and mammals in Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest sites and their diversity and abundance within in-crop and off-crop areas (with native permanent vegetation and other surrounding crop fields) at four different farms. A comprehensive survey was conducted, using various sampling methods, including point counts, foraging counts, trail cameras, and occasional encounters. In all, contacts for 12 518 birds across 306 species and 313 mammals across 34 species were registered. The off-crop areas exhibited greater species richness, abundance, and diversity than the in-crop areas on all farms. For birds, 47 species were recorded in-crop, of which 15 were classified as insectivores, 15 as granivores, seven as omnivores, seven as carnivores, and three as frugivores. The number of in-crop observations per species was small. The abundance off-crop was greater for 31 species observed in-crop, indicating that dry bean fields are probably not a preferred habitat for those species. Species classified as granivorous are most likely to feed on dry bean seeds. However, almost all granivorous species observed in-crop areas are too small to be able to feed on dry bean seeds. For mammals, nine species were recorded in-crop, of which four were classified as carnivores, three as omnivores, one as insectivore, and one as granivore. Additionally, despite the considerable effort in this study, no evidence was found that birds and mammals feed on dry bean seeds. The results highlight the importance of off-crop areas in dry bean fields, characterized by a more diverse and abundant bird community than in-crop. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:864-874. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).