在一个合成补充剂引起人们对其对人类健康影响的担忧的时代,无花果已成为富含具有有效治疗特性的多酚化合物的天然替代品。有关F.carica的各种研究正在兴起,重点是分析和验证其药理和营养特性。本文总结了植物化学的现有数据和信息,营养价值,治疗潜力,以及F.carica的毒性特征。从各种数据库中进行了广泛的搜索,包括PubMed,ScienceDirect,Scopus,谷歌学者。本综述共纳入了1999年至2023年之间发表的126项与F.carica相关的研究和文章。值得注意的是,F.Carica表现出各种各样的有利效果,包括,但不限于,抗氧化剂,抗神经退行性疾病,抗菌,抗病毒,抗炎,抗关节炎,抗癫痫药,抗惊厥药,抗高脂血症,抗血管生成,抗糖尿病药,抗癌,和抗诱变特性。其中的亮点包括来自F.carica的抗氧化剂被证明可以抑制胆碱酯酶,在阿尔茨海默病和其他神经退行性疾病中可能保护神经元。野菜的抗菌活性归因于其高黄酮和萜类化合物含量,由于其三萜含量,推测其通过抑制DNA和RNA复制的杀病毒作用。炎症和关节炎病症还可以通过调节各种信号蛋白而受益于其抗炎和抗关节炎特性。研究还表明,野菜提取物通常是安全的,并且表现出低毒性,尽管在这方面需要更多的研究,特别是它对皮肤的影响。总之,这项研究强调了F.carica作为一种有价值的天然治疗剂和膳食补充剂的潜力。然而,在开始临床试验之前,仍需要继续探索卡里卡的安全性和有效性,因为它在个性化营养和药物治疗中的作用将开启改善健康结果的新范式。
In an era where synthetic supplements have raised concerns regarding their effects on human health, Ficus carica has emerged as a natural alternative rich in polyphenolic compounds with potent therapeutic properties. Various studies on F. carica focusing on the analysis and validation of its pharmacological and nutritional properties are emerging. This paper summarizes present data and information on the phytochemical, nutritional values, therapeutic potential, as well as the toxicity profile of F. carica. An extensive search was conducted from various databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 126 studies and articles related to F. carica that were published between 1999 and 2023 were included in this review. Remarkably, F. carica exhibits a diverse array of advantageous effects, including, but not limited to, antioxidant, anti-neurodegenerative, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-angiogenic, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, and antimutagenic properties. Among the highlights include that antioxidants from F. carica were demonstrated to inhibit cholinesterase, potentially protecting neurons in Alzheimer\'s disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. The antimicrobial activities of F. carica were attributed to its high flavonoids and terpenoids content, while its virucidal action through the inhibition of DNA and RNA replication was postulated due to its triterpenes content. Inflammatory and arthritic conditions may also benefit from its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties through the modulation of various signalling proteins. Studies have also shown that F. carica extracts were generally safe and exhibit low toxicity profile, although more research in this aspect is required, specifically its effects on the skin. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of F. carica as a valuable natural therapeutic agent and dietary supplement. However, continued exploration on F. carica\'s safety and efficacy is still required prior to embarking on clinical trials, as its role in personalized nutrition and medication will open a new paradigm to improve health outcomes.