呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是幼儿发病和住院的主要原因,预防是首要的管理策略。目前,帕利珠单抗,提供即时被动免疫的单克隆抗体,而不是诱导主动免疫的疫苗,是国际上常规实践中唯一使用的预防性干预措施。在加拿大,全国各地的访问各不相同。预防政策主要由成本效益分析驱动,至关重要的是,要掌握任何干预措施的全部成本和收益。加拿大帕利珠单抗的新成本效益分析的积极结果将有助于解决当前使用中的不平等问题,同时为RSV预防措施的未来模型提供框架。护士是父母关于儿童RSV风险和通过基本卫生进行最佳预防的主要教育者,行为和环境措施,季节性预防。护士不仅应该定期提供,最新的,以及有关RSV和新出现的干预措施的临床方面的准确信息,但要了解有关预防策略使用的决策。
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of morbidity and hospitalization in young children, and prevention is the primary management strategy. At present, palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody providing immediate passive immunity, rather than a vaccine that induces active immunity, is the only preventive intervention used in routine practice internationally. In Canada, access varies across the country. Prophylaxis policies are mainly driven by cost-effectiveness analyses, and it is crucial that the full costs and benefits of any intervention are captured. Positive results from a new Canadian cost-effectiveness analysis of palivizumab will help address the current inequality in use while providing a framework for future models of RSV preventives. Nurses are the principal educators for parents about the risks of childhood RSV and optimal prevention via basic hygiene, behavioral and environmental measures, and seasonal prophylaxis. Nurses should be provided not only with regular, up-to-date, and accurate information on RSV and the clinical aspects of emerging interventions but be informed on the decision-making governing the use of preventive strategies.