目的:正念,由于不加判断地注意到现在而产生的意识,与改善健康状况有关。当被视为时变瞬时状态时,正念与其他瞬时状态有关,如情感。我们检查了短暂的正念,特别注意的注意力和意识(MAA),在咨询干预措施以减少大麻使用后发生了变化,包括生态瞬时评估(EMA)并探索了与负面影响的关联,积极的影响,大麻的欲望。
方法:门诊患者15-24岁使用大麻≥3x/周,随机分为三种干预措施之一,每个包括两个动机增强治疗(MET)。对于两项干预措施,MET之后是2周的EMA(有/没有消息)。短暂的MAA,负面影响,积极的影响,在基线和3个月随访时,在EMA的1周内评估了大麻欲望(N=1,971份报告,68名参与者)。我们检查了从基线到总体随访和分组的瞬时MAA的变化(MET+EMA,仅MET)使用广义线性混合效应模型。我们使用广义估计方程测试了瞬时MAA与瞬时影响和大麻欲望的关联。
结果:MET咨询加EMA后,从基线到随访的瞬时MAA增加(β=0.237),但并没有改变单独的MET咨询。较高的瞬时MAA与较低的负面影响(β=-0.526)和大麻欲望(β=-0.521)相关,但没有积极的影响。
结论:在经常使用大麻的年轻人中,在咨询后接受EMA干预3个月后,瞬时MAA升高,并且与瞬时负面情绪和瞬时吸食欲望呈负相关.正念可能是瞬时干预的有用目标。
Mindfulness, awareness resulting from attending to the present without judgment, has been associated with improved health. When considered as a time-varying
momentary state, mindfulness is associated with other
momentary states such as affect. We examined whether
momentary mindfulness, specifically mindful attention and awareness (MAA), changed after counseling interventions to reduce cannabis use that included ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and explored associations with negative affect, positive affect, and cannabis desire.
Outpatients 15-24 years using cannabis ≥3x/week were randomized to one of the three interventions, each including two motivational enhancement therapy (MET) sessions. For two interventions, MET was followed by 2 weeks of EMA (with/without messaging). Momentary MAA, negative affect, positive affect, and cannabis desire were assessed over 1 week of EMA at baseline and 3-month follow-up (N = 1,971 reports, 68 participants). We examined changes in momentary MAA from baseline to follow-up overall and by group (MET + EMA, MET-only) using generalized linear mixed effects models. We tested associations of
momentary MAA with
momentary affect and cannabis desire using generalized estimating equations.
Momentary MAA increased from baseline to follow-up after MET counseling plus EMA (β = 0.237), but did not change with MET counseling alone. Higher momentary MAA was associated with lower negative affect (β = -0.526) and cannabis desire (β = -0.521), but not with positive affect.
Among youth using cannabis frequently, momentary MAA was increased 3 months after interventions with EMA after counseling and was inversely associated with
momentary negative affect and
momentary cannabis desire. Mindfulness may be a useful target for
momentary intervention.