药物剂量的生理决定因素(PDODD)是一种有前途的精确剂量方法。这项研究调查了PDODD在疾病中的变化,并评估了PDODD的变分自动编码器(VAE)人工智能模型。PDODD面板包含20个生物标志物,和13肾,肝,糖尿病,和心脏疾病状态变量。人口特征,人体测量(体重,体表面积,腰围),血液(血浆体积,白蛋白),肾(肌酐,肾小球滤过率,尿流,和尿白蛋白与肌酐的比率),和肝(R值,肝脂肪变性指数,药物性肝损伤指数),血细胞(全身炎症指数,红细胞,淋巴细胞,中性粒细胞,和血小板计数)生物标志物,纳入了国家健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)的医学问卷答复。表格VAE(TVAE)生成模型是使用合成数据库Python库实现的。生成数据的联合分布与测试数据使用图形单变量进行比较,双变量,以及多维投影方法和分布邻近测度。与疾病进展相关的PDODD生物标志物如预期的那样在肾脏发生改变,肝,糖尿病,和心脏疾病。由TVAE生成的连续PDODD面板变量令人满意地逼近了测试数据中的分布。一些离散变量的TVAE生成的分布偏离了测试数据分布。TVAE生成的连续变量的年龄分布与测试数据相似。TVAE算法展示了作为连续PDODD的AI模型的潜力,并且可以用于生成用于临床试验模拟的虚拟群体。
Physiological determinants of drug dosing (PDODD) are a promising approach for precision dosing. This study investigates the alterations of PDODD in diseases and evaluates a variational autoencoder (VAE) artificial intelligence model for PDODD. The PDODD panel contained 20 biomarkers, and 13 renal, hepatic, diabetes, and cardiac disease status variables. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements (body weight, body surface area, waist circumference), blood (plasma volume, albumin), renal (creatinine, glomerular filtration rate, urine flow, and urine albumin to creatinine ratio), and hepatic (R-value, hepatic steatosis index, drug-induced liver injury index), blood cell (systemic inflammation index, red cell, lymphocyte, neutrophils, and platelet counts) biomarkers, and medical questionnaire responses from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. The tabular VAE (TVAE) generative model was implemented with the Synthetic Data Vault Python library. The joint distributions of the generated data vs. test data were compared using graphical univariate, bivariate, and multidimensional projection methods and distribution proximity measures. The PDODD biomarkers related to disease progression were altered as expected in renal, hepatic, diabetes, and cardiac diseases. The continuous PDODD panel variables generated by the TVAE satisfactorily approximated the distribution in the test data. The TVAE-generated distributions of some discrete variables deviated from the test data distribution. The age distribution of TVAE-generated continuous variables was similar to the test data. The TVAE algorithm demonstrated potential as an AI model for continuous PDODD and could be useful for generating virtual populations for clinical trial simulations.