生姜是世界上重要的香料作物之一。由于生姜枯萎病的流行和缺乏有效的防治方法,种植面积,总产量和价值急剧下降,成为制约我国生姜产业发展的关键因素。了解微生物制剂对生姜根际微生物群的影响将有助于开发生姜枯萎病防治新技术。在新的种植和连作姜田,使用大根生姜和微生物制剂,设计了两种接种水平(接种和不接种),利用高通量测序技术研究了生姜成熟期根际土壤细菌群落结构。结果表明,新种生姜比连作生姜具有显著的产量优势,收率提高39%至56%,和最低的生姜枯萎病指数。各处理土壤细菌门水平的群落结构与对照非常相似,但是一些分类单位的丰度发生了显著变化。成熟生姜根际土壤中细菌的4个优势门系为变形杆菌,放线菌,氯氟菌,和酸细菌,占总数的72.91%至89.09%。微生物剂处理连作的有益微生物,如酸杆菌和Gemmatimonadetes,丰度分别增加了12.2%和17.1%,分别,与对照相比。微生物接种剂处理新种植的生姜使酸性细菌和Gemmatatimonadetes的丰度分别提高了34.4%和10.7%,分别,与对照相比。细菌群落的组成受土壤性质变化的影响。冗余分析表明,水解氮,有效磷,有效钾,和有机质与土壤细菌群落组成显著相关。因此,微生物制剂不仅能促进连作土壤中有益微生物的增殖,还能通过改变土壤有效磷等理化性质,进一步重塑土壤细菌群落结构。研究结果为生姜连作对土壤环境的影响及改善生姜田土壤管理提供了参考。
Ginger is one of the important spice crops in the world. Due to the prevalence of ginger wilt disease and the lack of effective prevention and control methods, the planting area, total production and value have declined sharply, which have become a key factor restricting ginger industry development in China. Understanding the influence of microbial agents on the rhizosphere microbiota of ginger will facilitate developing novel technologies for the prevention and control of ginger wilt disease. In the new planting and continuous cropping ginger fields, using large-root ginger and microbial agents, two inoculation levels (inoculation and no inoculation) were designed, and high-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil at mature stage of ginger. The results showed that newly planted ginger showed a significant yield advantage over continuous cropping ginger, with a yield increase of 39% to 56%, and the lowest ginger wilt disease index. The community structure at the phylum level of soil bacteria in each treatment was very similar to that in the control, but the abundance of some taxonomic units changed significantly. The four dominant phyla of bacteria in mature ginger rhizosphere soil were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria, accounting for 72.91% to 89.09% of the total. The microbial agent treatment of continuous cropping had beneficial microorganisms such as Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes with abundances increased by 12.2% and 17.1%, respectively, compared to the control. The microbial inoculant treatment of newly planted ginger increased the abundance of Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes by 34.4% and 10.7%, respectively, compared to the control. The composition of bacterial communities were affected by changes in soil properties. Redundancy analysis showed that the hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter were significantly related to the composition of soil bacterial communities. Therefore, the microbial agents can not only promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms in the continuous cropping soil but also further reshape the soil bacterial community structure by changing the soil physicochemical properties such as effective phosphorus. These results provided a reference for related research on the impact of ginger continuous cropping on soil environment and soil management improvement in ginger fields.