墨西哥是世界上蛇物种多样性最高的国家,在考虑毒蛇时跟随澳大利亚。具体来说,在索诺拉,全国第二大州,出现超过15种剧毒物种,包括北部黑尾响尾蛇(Crotalusmoosus)。与其他墨西哥毒蛇相比,这种毒液还没有被彻底研究过,然而,一些研究报告了其生物活性,甚至具有抗菌和细胞毒活性的药理潜力。在这项研究中,我们通过无凝胶的蛋白质组学方法从C.moorosus毒液池中鉴定了主要的蛋白质成分。报告了140种属于SVMP的蛋白质(38.76%),PLA2(28.75%),CTL(11.93%),SVSP(6.03%)和LAAO(5.67%)毒素家族。研究其生物活性,我们评估了它的溶血,抗菌,和红细胞的细胞毒活性,革兰氏阳性和阴性细菌和管腔A乳腺癌细胞系(T47D),分别,在体外。我们报告,浓度<100μg/mL可能不会溶血,并降低大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的细菌活力,IC50为10.27和11.51μg/mL。分别。最后,我们确定了C.moossus毒对T47D乳腺癌细胞系具有细胞毒性,IC50为1.55μg/mL。我们建议评估的细胞毒性是由于SVMPs和PLA2s的高丰度,因为据报道它们会影响细胞外基质和膜的渗透。这可能为将来的药物筛选提供有用的工具。
Mexico has the highest diversity of snake species in the world, following Australia when considering just venomous snakes. Specifically, in Sonora, the second largest state in the country, more than 15 highly venomous species occur, including the northern black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus). This specie\'s venom has not been as thoroughly researched in contrast with other Mexican vipers, nevertheless some studies report its biological activity and even pharmacological potential with antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. In this study we identified the main protein components from a pool of C. molossus venom through a gel-free proteomics approach, reporting ∼140 proteins belonging to the SVMP (38.76%), PLA2 (28.75%), CTL (11.93%), SVSP (6.03%) and LAAO (5.67%) toxin families. To study its biological activities, we evaluated its hemolytic, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity in red blood cells, Gram positive and negative bacteria and a luminal A breast carcinoma cell line (T47D), respectively, in vitro. We report that concentrations <100 μg/mL are potentially not hemolytic and reduced the bacteria viability of E. coli and S. aureus with an IC50 of 10.27 and 11.51 μg/mL, respectively. Finally, we determined the C. molossus venom as cytotoxic against the T47D breast carcinoma cell line, with an IC50 of 1.55 μg/mL. We suggest that the evaluated cytotoxicity was due to a high abundance of SVMPs and PLA2s, since it\'s been reported that they affect the extracellular matrix and membrane permeation. This may provide a useful tool for pharmaceutical screening in the future.