目标:为了提供个人的整体观点,外部,以及影响代谢/减肥手术患者坚持营养和饮食的心理因素。
方法:这种对混合方法研究的系统综合涉及对英语数据库中文章的全面搜索,包括PubMed,科克伦图书馆,WebofScience,EBSCO,Scopus,和Embase,以及中国数据库。搜索包含从数据库开始到2023年6月发布的文章。在对文献质量进行评估并从所选研究中提取相关信息之后,整合了定量和定性研究的数据。提取的数据分别进行分析,并确定和总结主题,以阐明影响营养和膳食指南依从性的因素.该方法符合JoannaBriggs研究所(JBI)建议的混合方法系统评估指南。
结果:确定了三个主题及其相应的描述性元素,包括:(1)个人因素:主观因素(态度、能力,意识,行为),客观因素(年龄,性别,工作状态,经济水平,身体活动,饮食习惯,体重变化);(2)外部因素:药物(药丸的数量,摄入时间的复杂性,副作用,难闻的气味或味道),手术因素,社会影响(家庭成员,营养师,和同龄人);(3)心理因素:自我效能感,依恋焦虑,和心理健康问题。
结论:综合综述了代谢和减重手术患者术后营养和饮食依从性的影响因素。它强调了临床工作人员根据这些不同因素定制干预措施的必要性,以及重视患者的心理健康,给予多维饮食指导和保健。
OBJECTIVE: To offer a holistic view of the personal, external, and psychological factors influencing adherence to nutrition and diet in patients undergoing metabolic/bariatric surgery.
METHODS: This systematic synthesis of mixed methods research involved a comprehensive search for articles in English databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, Scopus, and Embase, as well as Chinese databases. The search encompassed articles published from the inception of the database up to June 2023. Following the evaluation of literature quality and extraction of relevant information from the selected studies, data from both quantitative and qualitative studies were integrated. The extracted data were analyzed separately, and themes were identified and summarized to elucidate the factors influencing adherence to nutritional and dietary guidelines. The methodology adhered to the guidelines recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for mixed methods systematic evaluations.
RESULTS: Three themes and their corresponding descriptive elements were identified, including: (1) Personal factors: subjective factors (attitude, capability, awareness, behaviors), objective factors (age, sex, work status, economic level, physical activity, dietary habits, weight change); (2) External factors: medication (quantity of pills, complexity of intake times, side effects, unpleasant smell or taste), surgery factor, social influences (family members, dietitians, and peers); (3) Psychological factors: self-efficacy, attachment anxiety, and mental health problems.
CONCLUSIONS: The synthesis provided a comprehensive overview of the factors influencing postoperative compliance of nutrition and diet among patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery. It emphasizes the necessity for clinical staff to tailor interventions based on these diverse factors, as well as to attach importance to patients\' mental health, giving multidimensional dietary guidance and health care.