■认知障碍的患病率越来越高,因此需要对饮食对认知健康的影响进行全面的系统评价。研究表明,地中海(Medi)饮食具有预防代谢性疾病的作用。然而,关于MeDi饮食对认知功能下降的影响的综合系统评价是有限的。我们调查了坚持使用MeDi饮食是否可以降低老年人认知障碍的风险或改善认知功能。
■在本系统综述和荟萃分析中,PubMed,WebofScience,PsycINFO,Scopus,和Cochrane数据库从开始到2021年6月进行了搜索。包括队列研究和随机对照试验(RCT)。效应大小以对数风险比和标准平均差(SMD)和95%置信区间(CI)估计。纽卡斯尔-渥太华评分和Cochrane协作工具用于评估队列研究和随机对照试验中的偏倚风险。分别。
■在1687项筛选研究中,31项队列研究和5项RCT符合定性分析的资格标准;26项队列研究和2项RCT纳入荟萃分析。在队列研究中,坚持美迪饮食与轻度认知障碍(MCI)[风险比(RR)=0.75(0.66-0.86)]风险较低相关,和阿尔茨海默病(AD)[RR=0.71(0.56-0.89)]。在RCT中,与最低组相比,对MeDi饮食的高依从性与更好的情节记忆[SMD=0.20(0.09-0.30)]和工作记忆[SMD=0.17(0.01-0.32)]相关。
■坚持MeDi饮食可能会降低MCI和AD的风险。然而,与认知结果的其他关联(全球认知,工作记忆,和情景记忆)仍然可以解释。总的来说,建议使用MeDi饮食来预防或延缓认知障碍并改善认知功能。Further,有必要进行长期随机对照试验以加强证据.
■[https://www.crd.约克。AC.英国],标识符[CRD42021276801]。
UNASSIGNED: An increasing prevalence of cognitive disorders warrants comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of diet on cognitive health. Studies have suggested that the Mediterranean (MeDi) diet has protective effects against metabolic diseases. However, comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of the MeDi diet on the cognitive decline are limited. We investigated whether adherence to the MeDi diet could lower the risk of the cognitive disorder or improve cognitive function in older adults.
UNASSIGNED: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to June 2021. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The effect sizes were estimated as log risk ratios and standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Newcastle-Ottawa score and Cochrane Collaboration\'s tool were used to assess the risk of bias in cohort studies and RCTs, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: Of the 1,687 screened studies, 31 cohort studies and five RCTs met the eligibility criteria for qualitative analysis; 26 cohort studies and two RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. In the cohort studies, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [risk ratio (RR) = 0.75 (0.66-0.86)], and Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) [RR = 0.71 (0.56-0.89)]. In the RCTs, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with better episodic [SMD = 0.20 (0.09-0.30)] and working memories [SMD = 0.17 (0.01-0.32)] than lowest group.
UNASSIGNED: Adherence to the MeDi diet may reduce the risk of MCI and AD. However, other associations with cognitive outcomes (global cognition, working memory, and episodic memory) remain open to interpretation. Overall, the MeDi diet is recommended to prevent or delay cognitive disorders and improve cognitive function. Further, long-term RCTs are warranted to strengthen the evidence.
UNASSIGNED: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk], identifier [CRD42021276801].