■巴斯德菌种在小反刍动物中经常遇到严重的疾病。它是所有年龄组的绵羊和山羊的呼吸道巴氏杆菌病的主要原因。
■横断面研究于2022年12月至2023年4月在Haramaya区进行,埃塞俄比亚东部,分离和鉴定多杀性巴氏杆菌和溶血曼海姆菌,并估计其患病率,相关危险因素,使用目的取样方法对小反刍动物中的分离株进行抗菌敏感性分析。总共收集了384个样品(来自临床病例的156个鼻拭子和来自屠宰场病例的228个肺拭子)。采用STATA14软件进行数据分析。此外,采用多变量logistic回归分析评估危险因素的相关性.
■在检查的384个样品中,164人巴氏杆菌病阳性,导致42.70%的患病率。同样,164例阳性结果中有63例(38.4%)来自鼻拭子,而101(61.6%)来自肺样本。溶血分枝杆菌占分离株的126株(76.82%),而多杀性疟原虫占38(23.17%)。在63个鼻拭子分离物中,33(37%)来自山羊,30(42.8%)来自绵羊。17(10.89%)和46(29.58%),分别,是多杀性疟原虫和溶血疟原虫。在101(44.3%)肺炎肺分离物中的46(40%),样本来自山羊,55(48.47%)来自绵羊。在这项研究中,风险因素(物种,年龄,和身体状况评分)被发现是显著的(p<0.05)。评估抗生素敏感性的巴氏杆菌分离株对苯唑西林高度耐药(90.90%),其次是庆大霉素(72.72%),和青霉素(63.63%)。然而,分离株对氯霉素高度敏感(90.90%),其次是四环素(63.63%),氨苄青霉素(54.54%)。
■这项研究表明,在小反刍动物中,溶血支原体和多杀性疟原虫是引起曼氏病和巴氏杆菌病的常见原因,分别,分离株对研究区常用抗生素耐药。因此,综合疫苗接种策略,抗菌素耐药性监测,并建议避免应激诱发因素。
UNASSIGNED: Pasteurella species are frequently encountered as serious diseases in small ruminants. It is the main cause of respiratory pasteurellosis in sheep and goats of all age groups.
UNASSIGNED: The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 in Haramaya district, eastern Ethiopia, to isolate and identify Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica and estimate their prevalence, associated risk factors, and antimicrobial sensitivity of isolates in small ruminants using a purposive sampling method. A total of 384 samples (156 nasal swabs from clinic cases and 228 lung swabs from abattoir cases) were collected. STATA 14 software was used to analyze the data. In addition, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess an association of risk factors.
UNASSIGNED: Out of the 384 samples examined, 164 were positive for pasteurellosis, resulting in a 42.70% prevalence. Similarly, 63 (38.4%) of the 164 positive results were from nasal swabs, while 101 (61.6%) came from lung samples. M. haemolytica accounted for 126 (76.82%) of the isolates, while P. multocida accounted for 38 (23.17%). Of the 63 nasal swab isolates, 33 (37%) were from goats and 30 (42.8%) were from sheep. And 17 (10.89%) and 46 (29.58%), respectively, were P. multocida and M. haemolytica. Of the 46 (40%) of the 101 (44.3%) isolates of the pneumonic lung, samples were from goats, while 55 (48.47%) were from sheep. In this study, the risk factors (species, age, and body condition score) were found to be significant (p < 0.05). Pasteurella isolates evaluated for antibiotic susceptibility were highly resistant to oxacillin (90.90%), followed by gentamycin (72.72%), and penicillin (63.63%). However, the isolates were highly sensitive to chloramphenicol (90.90%), followed by tetracycline (63.63%), and ampicillin (54.54%).
UNASSIGNED: This study showed that M. haemolytica and P. multocida are the common causes of mannheimiosis and pasteurellosis in small ruminants, respectively, and isolates were resistant to commonly used antibiotics in the study area. Thus, an integrated vaccination strategy, antimicrobial resistance monitoring, and avoidance of stress-inducing factors are recommended.