背景:鳄梨消费与更好的葡萄糖稳态有关,但是协会很小,表明潜在的种群异质性。代谢组学数据捕获了消化后食物摄入的影响,和新陈代谢,从而考虑到这些过程中的个体差异。
目的:确定鳄梨摄入量的代谢组学生物标志物,并检查它们与血糖的关系。
方法:来自6,224名多种族老年人(62%为女性)的基线数据包括自我报告的鳄梨摄入量,空腹血糖和胰岛素,和非靶向血浆1HNMR代谢组学特征(代谢组学数据可用于随机选择的子集;N=3,438)。随后,在18年的随访期内评估了2型糖尿病(T2D)。鳄梨消费状况的全代谢组关联研究(消费者与非)进行了,通过与空腹胰岛素和葡萄糖的横断面关联,这些特征与血糖的关系,并检查了与事件T2D的纵向关联。
结果:三个高度相关的光谱特征与代谢组范围内的鳄梨摄入量相关(P<5.3*10-7),并组合成单一的生物标志物。我们没有发现这些特征与整体饮食质量相关的证据。也不与其他47种食物类别中的任何一种(所有P>.001),支持它们作为鳄梨摄入量的生物标志物的适用性。鳄梨摄入量仅与较低的空腹胰岛素(β=-0.07/-0.03,P=.03),当额外控制BMI时,相关性减弱为无显著性.然而,我们的鳄梨摄入量的生物标志物与较低的空腹血糖密切相关(β=-0.22+/-0.02,P<2.0*10-16),降低空腹胰岛素(β=-0.17+/-0.02,P<2.0*10-16),和较低的T2D发生率(HR:0.68[0.63-074],P<2.0*10-16),即使在调整BMI时。
结论:血糖和鳄梨相关代谢组学特征之间存在高度显著的关联,作为消化和吸收后饮食摄入的生理影响的生物标志物,与血糖和鳄梨消费之间的适度关系相比,强调了在考虑饮食与健康关系时考虑代谢个体差异的重要性。
Avocado consumption is linked to better glucose homeostasis, but small associations suggest potential population heterogeneity. Metabolomic data capture the effects of food intake after digestion and metabolism, thus accounting for individual differences in these processes.
To identify metabolomic biomarkers of avocado intake and to examine their associations with glycemia.
Baseline data from 6224 multi-ethnic older adults (62% female) included self-reported avocado intake, fasting glucose and insulin, and untargeted plasma proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic features (metabolomic data were available for a randomly selected subset; N = 3438). Subsequently, incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) was assessed over an ∼18 y follow-up period. A metabolome-wide association study of avocado consumption status (consumer compared with nonconsumer) was conducted, and the relationship of these features with glycemia via cross-sectional associations with fasting insulin and glucose and longitudinal associations with incident T2D was examined.
Three highly-correlated spectral features were associated with avocado intake at metabolome-wide significance levels (P < 5.3 ∗ 10-7) and combined into a single biomarker. We did not find evidence that these features were additionally associated with overall dietary quality, nor with any of 47 other food groups (all P > 0.001), supporting their suitability as a biomarker of avocado intake. Avocado intake showed a modest association only with lower fasting insulin (β = -0.07 +/- 0.03, P = 0.03), an association that was attenuated to nonsignificance when additionally controlling for body mass index (kg/m2). However, our biomarker of avocado intake was strongly associated with lower fasting glucose (β = -0.22 +/- 0.02, P < 2.0 ∗ 10-16), lower fasting insulin (β = -0.17 +/- 0.02, P < 2.0 ∗ 10-16), and a lower incidence of T2D (hazard ratio: 0.68; 0.63-074, P < 2.0 ∗ 10-16), even when adjusting for BMI.
Highly significant associations between glycemia and avocado-related metabolomic features, which serve as biomarkers of the physiological impact of dietary intake after digestion and absorption, compared to modest relationships between glycemia and avocado consumption, highlights the importance of considering individual differences in metabolism when considering diet-health relationships.