BACKGROUND: Surgery is the primary treatment for benign breast disease and causes some disruption to the normal physiology of the breast, even when this disruption is localised, it remains unclear whether it affects women\'s ability to breastfeed. There are only a few studies describing the experience of breastfeeding in women who have undergone benign breast disease (BBD) surgery.
METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data from patients aged 20-40 years in Guangdong, China, who underwent breast lumpectomy for BBD in our department between 01 January 2013 and 30 June 2019, with a follow-up date of 01 February 2022. Patients were included who had a history of childbirth between the time of surgery and the follow-up date. By collecting general information about this group of patients and information about breastfeeding after surgery, we described the breastfeeding outcomes of women of a fertile age who had previously undergone surgery for benign breast disease.
RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 5.9 years, a total of 333 patients met the inclusion criteria. From the breastfeeding data of the first child born postoperatively, the mean duration of \'exclusive breastfeeding\' was 5.1 months, and the mean duration of \'any breastfeeding\' was 8.8 months. The rate of \'ever breastfeeding\' is 91.0%, which is lower than the national average of 93.7%, while the exclusive breastfeeding rate at six months was 40.8%, was higher than the 29.2% national average. The any breastfeeding rate at 12 months was 30.0%, which was well below the 66.5% national average. The common reason for early breastfeeding cessation was insufficient breast milk. A total of 29.0% of patients who had ever breastfed after surgery voluntarily reduced the frequency and duration of breastfeeding on the operated breast because of the surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: There are some impacts of BBD surgery on breastfeeding and some may be psychological. Institutions should provide more facilities for mothers who have undergone breast surgery to help them breastfeed, such as conducting community education on breastfeeding after breast surgery, training professional postoperative lactation consultants in hospitals, and extending maternity leave. Families should encourage mothers to breastfeed with both breasts instead of only the non-operated breast.

Dengchuan cattle are the only dairy yellow cattle and endangered cattle among Yunnan native cattle breeds. However, its genetic background remains unclear. Here, we performed whole-genome sequencing of ten Dengchuan cattle. Integrating our data with the publicly available data, Dengchuan cattle were observed to be highly interbred than other cattle in the dataset. Furthermore, the positive selective signals were mainly manifested in candidate genes and pathways related to milk production, disease resistance, growth and development, and heat tolerance. Notably, five genes (KRT39, PGR, KRT40, ESR2, and PRKACB) were significantly enriched in the estrogen signaling pathway. Moreover, the missense mutation in the PGR gene (c.190T > C, p.Ser64Pro) showed a homozygous mutation pattern with higher frequency (83.3%) in Dengchuan cattle. In addition, a large number of strong candidate regions matched genes and QTLs related to milk yield and composition. Our research provides a theoretical basis for analyzing the genetic mechanism underlying Dengchuan cattle with excellent lactation and adaptability, crude feed tolerance, good immune performance, and small body size and also laid a foundation for genetic breeding research of Dengchuan cattle in the future.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Wangbuliuxing (semen vaccariae) combined with massage at breast and acupoint on breastfeeding and lactation function in cesarean section women.
METHODS: A total of 120 cases of cesarean section women were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine nursing. On the basis of the control group, the observation group was treated with oral administration of Wangbuliuxing decoction, twice a day for 7 days; in addition, massage at breast and acupoint (Zhongfu [LU 1], Yunmen [LU 2], Danzhong [CV 17], 2 min per acupoint per time) was given, twice a day for 7 days. The onset time of lactation, 48-hour postpartum lactation volume, breast swelling and pain, 42-day postpartum breastfeeding were compared between the two groups; the serum levels of prolactin at 48 and 72 h after delivery were measured, and the body mass of newborns at birth and 42 d after delivery were recorded.
RESULTS: The onset time of lactation in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05), the 48-hour postpartum lactation volume was higher than the control group (P<0.05), and the breast swelling pain 48 h after delivery was lighter than the control group (P<0.05). Forty-two days after delivery, the success rate of breastfeeding in the observation group was 91.7% (55/60), which was higher than 76.7% (46/60) in the control group (P<0.05). At 48 and 72 h after delivery, the level of serum prolactin in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). On 42 d after delivery, the body mass of newborns in the two groups was higher than that at birth (P<0.05), and that in the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Wangbuliuxing combined with massage at acupoint and breast could significantly shorten the onset time of lactation, improve the lactation volume, effectively improve breast swelling and pain, increase breastfeeding rate and promote the growth and development of newborns.
目的：探讨王不留行联合乳房、穴位按摩对剖宫产产妇母乳喂养及泌乳功能的影响。方法：将120例剖宫产产妇随机分为观察组和对照组，每组60例。对照组给予常规西医护理。在对照组的基础上，观察组给予王不留行汤剂口服，每日2次，连服7 d；配合穴位（中府、云门、膻中等，每个穴位每次2 min）及乳房按摩，每日2次，共7 d。比较两组产妇泌乳始动时间、产后48 h泌乳量及乳房胀痛情况、产后42 d母乳喂养情况，检测产后48、72 h血清泌乳素水平，记录出生及产后42 d新生儿体质量。结果：观察组泌乳始动时间早于对照组（P<0.05），产后48 h泌乳量高于对照组（P<0.05），产后48 h乳房胀痛轻于对照组（P<0.05）；产后42 d，观察组母乳喂养成功率为91.7%（55/60），高于对照组的76.7%（46/60，P<0.05）；产后48、72 h，观察组血清泌乳素水平均高于对照组（P<0.05）；产后42 d，两组新生儿体质量高于出生时（P<0.05），且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：王不留行联合穴位及乳房按摩可明显缩短剖宫产产妇泌乳始动时间，提高泌乳量，且能有效改善乳房胀痛，提高母乳喂养率，促进新生儿生长发育。.