由婴儿利什曼原虫引起的人畜共患利什曼病在世界范围内分布,并影响人类以及家养和野生哺乳动物。在欧洲,特别是在地中海盆地,利什曼病是地方性的,由于放血载体和水库哺乳动物的并存,包括食肉野生动物物种和其他研究较少的野生物种。在这篇文章中,脾,脾皮肤,使用了从西班牙五个野生动物康复中心接收的134种野生哺乳动物的眼睛或口腔拭子。使用重复区域片段的PCR,ITS1和SSUrRNA用于检测,和阳性样品进行测序处理。在分析的9个物种中,有3个被检测到婴儿乳杆菌,包括欧洲刺猬,欧洲badge,红松鼠,百分比从11.53%到35.71%不等,取决于物种。大多数物种在脾脏样品中的阳性百分比高于皮肤样品。其余六个物种中的少数动物测试呈阴性,包括阿尔及利亚刺猬,石头马丁,至少黄鼠狼,花园睡鼠,西部波利卡特,埃及猫鼬。刺猬和the是流行病学哨兵的理想人选,并且根据其感染百分比和广泛分布,作为利什曼病的潜在宿主具有更高的风险。
Zoonotic leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum is distributed worldwide and affects humans and domestic and wild mammals. In Europe, specifically in the Mediterranean basin, leishmaniasis is endemic due to the concurrence of the phlebotomine vectors and reservoir mammals, including carnivorous wildlife species and other less studied wild species. In this article, spleen, skin, and eye or oral swabs taken from 134 wild mammals admitted to five wildlife recovery centers in Spain were used. PCR employing fragments of the Repeat region, ITS1, and SSUrRNA were used for detection, and positive samples were processed for sequencing. L. infantum was detected in three out of the nine species analyzed, including European hedgehog, European badger, and red squirrel, with percentages ranging from 11.53 to 35.71%, depending on the species. Most of the species showed higher percentages of positivity in spleen samples than in skin samples. A small number of animals from the remaining six species tested negative, including Algerian hedgehog, stone marten, least weasel, garden dormouse, western polecat, and Egyptian mongoose. Hedgehogs and badgers are good candidates for consideration as epidemiological sentinels and pose a higher risk as potential reservoirs of leishmaniasis based on their percentage of infection and wide distribution.