Jean-MartinCharcot被认为是现代神经病学的奠基人。关于他有许多一般和专门的传记,其结果是,一个新的文本是意想不到的或可能相当于抄袭。然而,Charcot的医学教授职位的部分职责没有,到目前为止,被研究过。本文将重点介绍Charcot作为博士陪审团成员的作用,特别是,作为这些陪审团的主席.我已经逐一审查了大约12,500篇论文。从1862年开始,Charcot担任agrégé(助理教授)的第一年就在巴黎医学院进行了辩护,1893年去世.在这些论文中,我选择了所有讨论神经精神病学的人(3,663)。我特别注意了Charcot参加陪审团的所有人员。这涉及608篇论文。将所有数据输入数据库(Filemaker),以便于识别对应于一个或多个标准的那些论文。然后进行统计比较(Excel电子表格)。除了这些结果,对选定的代表性论文进行了简短的个性化调查,对于主题(多发性硬化症,失语症,tabes,全身瘫痪,等。)或针对特定标准(外国人,女人,等。),但是所有论文都在包括Charcot在内的陪审团面前得到了辩护.这使得跟踪医学界的研究领域如何随着时间的推移而变化成为可能。尤其是Charcot的.陪审团Charcot必须参与,与候选人没有任何特别的联系和/或参与工作的选择和监督,必须与他的学生的论文陪审团区分开来。在后一种情况下,论文主题最常与Charcot的研究联系在一起。提供论文主题是有动机的,在某些情况下,通过在医学界传播新数据的愿望,不仅通过论文本身,而且通过医疗媒体定期出版的报道(例如各种类型的抖动的诊断)以及通过这些数据的商业出版,在某些情况下,有Charcot的序言。在其他情况下,该论文是发展理论(歇斯底里)的漫长过程中的一步。或者它导致了新思想的兴起,没有充分证明,一旦有令人信服的确认(肌萎缩),Charcot只会在他的课程中涵盖。这个丰富的聚宝盆产生了某些被忽视的掘金,以及已经进入经典语料库的作品——例如,LéopoldOrdenstein的论文,IvanPoumeau,艾萨克·布鲁尔,AlbertGombault,还有皮埃尔·珍妮特.
Jean-Martin Charcot is considered the founding father of modern neurology. There are many general and specialized biographies about him, the result being that a new text is unexpected or would likely amount to plagiarism. However, part of the duties for Charcot\'s medical professorship have not, to date, been studied at all. This article will focus on the role of Charcot as a member of doctorate juries and, in particular, as the president of these juries. I have reviewed around 12,500 theses one by one. These were defended at the Paris medical school from 1862, Charcot\'s first year as an agrégé (assistant professor), to his death in 1893. Among the theses, I have selected all of those that discuss neuropsychiatry in the broadest terms (3,663). I have paid particular attention to all of those for which Charcot was part of the jury. This involves 608 theses. All of the data were entered in a database (Filemaker) to facilitate identifying those theses corresponding to one or more of the criteria. Statistical comparisons were then carried out (Excel spreadsheet). In addition to these results, brief individualized surveys were conducted on theses selected for their representativeness, either for the subject matter (multiple sclerosis, aphasia, tabes, general paralysis, etc.) or for specific criteria (foreigners, women, etc.), but all of the theses were defended before a jury that included Charcot. This makes it possible to track how the areas of study in the medical world changed over time, and particularly those of Charcot. The juries Charcot was obliged to be a part of, without any particular ties to the candidate and/or any involvement in the selection and supervision of the work, must be differentiated from the thesis juries for his students. In the latter case, the thesis subjects were most often linked to Charcot\'s researches. Providing a thesis subject was motivated, in certain cases, by the desire to disseminate new data in the medical profession, not only by dint of the theses themselves but also through the reports that the medical press published regularly (e.g. the diagnosis of various types of shaking) and through the commercial publication of these data, in some cases with a preface by Charcot. In other cases, the thesis was a step in the long process of developing a theory (hysteria). Or it led to a flowering of new ideas, insufficiently proven, which Charcot would only cover in his Lessons once there was convincing confirmation (amyotrophy). This rich cornucopia gives rise to certain neglected nuggets, as well as works that have entered the classical corpus-for example, the theses of Léopold Ordenstein, Ivan Poumeau, Isaac Bruhl, Albert Gombault, and Pierre Janet.