This study aimed to valorize pawpaw (Carica papaya L.) leaves as a rich source of polyphenols through the application of ionic liquid-based microwave-assisted extraction (ILMAE). Initially, the ILMAE process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), resulting in a total polyphenols yield of 27.84 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g DW under the optimal conditions: [BMIM]Br concentration of 0.57 mol/L, extraction time of 14 min, microwave power of 460 W, extraction temperature of 77 °C, solvent-to-material ratio of 30 mL/g, and three extraction cycles. Compared to conventional methods such as maceration extraction (ME), heat reflux extraction (HRE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), the ILMAE method exhibited a significantly higher PLTP yield. Furthermore, the PLTP extracts demonstrated strong antioxidant activity against DPPH• and ABTS+• radicals, as well as a significant inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. This work demonstrates that ILMAE is a green and efficient strategy for the valorization of pawpaw leaves.

In this study, an efficient ionic liquid (IL)-based microwave-assisted extraction (IL-MAE) was employed for the extraction of Heneicos-1-ene from coriander foliage. Quantification of Heneicos-1-ene was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography. Parameters affecting extraction such as material to solvent ratio (1:10, 1:15, and 1:20), types of IL ([CH3(CH2)3]4NF, [BMIM][PF6], [BMIM][BF4], and [C6H5]4P[Br]), concentration of IL (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 M), microwave power (200, 500, and 800 W), extraction temperature (50, 70, and 90 °C) and extraction time (2, 6, and 10 min) were evaluated. Response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimum levels of these parameters to get maximum yield. The optimal conditions were achieved at 800 W, 90 °C for 2 min at a material to solvent ratio of 1:10 using 0.1 M solution of [BMIM][BF4], to get maximum predicted yield of Heneicos-1-ene (412.8 mg/100 g) as against 408.5 ± 1.14 mg/100 g for experimental value with 0.991 correlation coefficient. IL-MAE resulted in 5.85 times higher yield as compared to the conventional method (69.77 ± 1.8 mg/100 g).