目的:跳蚤Ctenocephalidesfelis(Siphonaptera:Pulicidae),在全球范围内寄生狗和猫,作为影响动物和人类的各种病原体的媒介。对环保的兴趣日益浓厚,植物性产品促使这项研究。该研究的目的是确定来自网状Copaifera的精油(EO)的化学成分,柑橘,Lavandulahybrida和Salviasclarea,评估它们的杀虫和驱虫特性,确定致死浓度(LC50和LC90),并评价其体外对Ctenocephalidesfelis的残留疗效。
方法:具有火焰离子化检测器的气相色谱法分析EO组成。体外试验涉及制备各种浓度的EO溶液。每个生命阶段的十个标本(鸡蛋,幼虫,蛹,成年)用于杀虫活性评估。使用10cm2滤纸条评估杀虫活性,每个用0.200mL的测试溶液处理。使用相同滤纸的23.76cm2圆盘评估未成熟阶段的活动,每个用0.470mL的测试溶液处理。死亡率百分比使用(死亡昆虫数X100)/孵育昆虫数计算。Probit分析以95%置信区间计算LC50值。
结果:主要的EO成分是β-石竹烯(EOCR),芳樟醇(EOLH),醋酸纤维素(EOSS),和柠檬烯(EOCP)。获得所有阶段的LC50值,除了巴拉迪氏梭菌的精油。所有的油在800μg/cm2时显示出驱避活性。OECR表现出更大的残余功效。
结论:每种EO对特定的C.felisfelis阶段表现出优异的杀虫活性。
OBJECTIVE: The flea Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), parasitizes dogs and cats globally, acting as a vector for various pathogens affecting both animals and humans. Growing interest in environmentally friendly, plant-based products prompted this study. The aim of the study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from Copaifera reticulata, Citrus paradisi, Lavandula hybrida and Salvia sclarea, assessing their insecticidal and repellent properties, determining lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90), and evaluating residual efficacy in vitro against Ctenocephalides felis felis.
METHODS: Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector analyzed EO composition. In vitro tests involved preparing EO solutions at various concentrations. Ten specimens from each life stage (egg, larva, pupa, adult) were used for insecticidal activity assessment. Adulticidal activity was assessed using 10 cm2 filter paper strip, each treated with 0.200 mL of the test solution. Immature stages activities were evaluated using 23.76 cm2 discs of the same filter paper, each treated with 0.470 mL of the test solution. Mortality percentage was calculated using (number of dead insects × 100) / number of incubated insects. Probit analysis calculated LC50 values with a 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS: Major EO constituents were β-caryophyllene (EOCR), linalool (EOLH), linalyl acetate (EOSS), and limonene (EOCP). LC50 values were obtained for all stages except for the essential oil of C. paradisi. All oils showed repellent activity at 800 μg/cm2. OECR exhibited greater residual efficacy.
CONCLUSIONS: Each EO demonstrated superior insecticidal activity against specific C. felis felis stages.