背景:酒精使用障碍(AUD)的抑制性控制损害可能表明长期饮酒对大脑中不同功能系统的有害影响,但目前的研究缺乏一致性。这项研究旨在根据现有数据确定最一致的反应抑制相关的脑功能障碍。
方法:我们对PubMed进行了系统搜索,Embase,WebofScience,和可用研究的PsychINFO数据库。使用各向异性效应-大小符号差异映射来定量分析AUD患者和HC之间的反应抑制相关脑激活的差异。使用Meta回归来探索脑改变与临床变量之间的关系。
结果:在反应抑制任务期间,与HCs相比,AUD患者的大脑激活不足或过度激活主要位于前额叶皮层,包括额上回,额下回,和中额回,前扣带回(ACC),颞上回,枕回,和体感区,包括中央后回和上回。荟萃回归显示,老年患者在执行反应抑制任务时更有可能在左额上回表现出激活。
结论:不同的前额叶扣带回皮质的反应抑制功能障碍可能反映了认知控制能力的核心损害。枕骨回和体感区域的功能障碍可能表明AUD的运动感觉和视觉功能异常。这种功能异常可能代表在AUD患者中观察到的执行缺陷的神经生理学相关性。本研究已在PROSPERO注册(编号CRD42022339384)。
Inhibitory control impairment in alcohol use disorder (AUD) may indicate detrimental effects of chronic alcohol use on different functional systems in the brain, but the current studies lack consistency. This study aims to identify the most consistent response inhibition-related brain dysfunction based on existing data.
We performed systematic searches of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsychINFO databases for available studies. Anisotropic effect-size signed differential mapping was used to quantitatively analyze the differences in response inhibition-related brain activation between AUD patients and HCs. Meta regression was used to explore the relationship between brain alterations and clinical variables.
The brain hypoactivation or hyperactivation in AUD patients compared with HCs during the response inhibition tasks was mainly located in the prefrontal cortex including the superior frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC), superior temporal gyrus, occipital gyrus, and somatosensory areas including postcentral gyrus and supramarginal gyrus. The meta-regression revealed that older patients were more likely to present activation in the left superior frontal gyrus when performing the response inhibition tasks.
The response inhibitive dysfunctions in a distinct prefrontal-cingulate cortices may presumably reflect the core impairment in cognitive control abilities. Dysfunction in the occipital gyrus and somatosensory areas may indicate an abnormal motor-sensory and visual function in AUD. Such functional abnormalities may represent neurophysiological correlates of the executive deficits observed in AUD patients. This study has been registered in PROSPERO (number CRD42022339384).