目的:评估对口腔健康状况不佳的长期护理机构(LTCF)居民的临床症状的估计是否适用,在这方面,哪些个人特征很重要。
背景:老年人普遍存在的不便,口干,尤其是唾液分泌不足,会引起很多并发症,如对根面龋和口腔感染的易感性更高,会导致口腔健康进一步恶化。然而,关于临床评估的唾液分泌不足征象与LTCF居民口腔健康状况的关联知之甚少.
方法:研究样本包括362名65岁或以上的个体(齿状n=266,齿状n=96)。检查包括问卷调查和临床口腔检查。参与者根据临床评估的口腔干燥分为三组:正常流涎(n=83,22.9%),唾液分泌减少(n=182,50.3%)和口干(n=97,26.8%)。评估了口干体征与口腔健康方面之间的关联,并通过逻辑回归分析进行了进一步测试。
结果:在女性中观察到口腔干燥的迹象,那些患有痴呆症的人,以及那些在当前设施中停留时间较长的人。根龋(赔率比,OR1.3)和牙周炎的诊断(OR4.1),连同几个单独的牙周参数,以及少于十对咬合的天然牙齿(OR3.5)与口干有关。Edentate参与者显示,随着年龄的增长,口干的可能性增加,嘴唇上的病变与OR3.0的口干有关。
结论:口腔干燥体征的临床评估可作为评估齿状LTCF居民口腔健康状况的有用辅助手段。口腔健康状况不佳是一个常见的发现,尤其是在有口干迹象的齿状LTCF居民中。
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the estimation of clinical signs of
hyposalivation is applicable in recognising long-term care facility (LTCF) residents with poor oral health, and which individual characteristics are important in that respect.
BACKGROUND: A common inconvenience among older adults, dry mouth, particularly
hyposalivation, can cause many complications, such as greater susceptibility to root caries and oral infections, and it can lead to further deterioration of oral health. However, very little is known about the association of clinically assessed signs of
hyposalivation with the oral health status of LTCF residents.
METHODS: The study sample comprised 362 individuals (dentate n = 266, edentate n = 96) aged 65 or older. The examinations included a questionnaire and clinical oral examination. Participants were categorised into three groups based on clinically assessed oral dryness: normal salivation (n = 83, 22.9%), lower salivation (n = 182, 50.3%) and dry mouth (n = 97, 26.8%). The association between signs of dry mouth with aspects to oral health was evaluated and further tested with logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: The signs of oral dryness were observed among females, those with dementia, and those with longer stays in the current facility. Root caries (odds ratio, OR 1.3) and diagnosis of periodontitis (OR 4.1), together with several individual periodontal parameters, as well as having less than ten occluding pairs of natural teeth (OR 3.5) were associated with dry mouth. Edentate participants showed an increased likelihood of having dry mouth with advancing age, and lesions on the lips were associated with dry mouth with OR 3.0.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinical estimation of signs of oral dryness can be a useful adjunct in evaluating the oral health status of dentate LTCF residents. Poor oral health was a frequent finding, especially among dentate LTCF residents with signs of dry mouth.