BACKGROUND: Fluid therapy in veterinary medicine is pivotal for treating various conditions in pigs; however, standard solutions, such as Hartmann\'s solution, may not optimally align with pig physiology. This study explored the development and efficacy of a customized fluid therapy tailored to the ionic concentrations of pig blood, aiming to enhance treatment outcomes and safety in both healthy and diseased pigs.
RESULTS: The study involved two experiments: the first to assess the safety and stability of customized fluids in healthy pigs, and the second to evaluate the efficacy in pigs with clinical symptoms of dehydration. In healthy pigs, the administration of customized fluids showed no adverse effects, with slight alterations observed in pO2, hematocrit, and glucose levels in some groups. In symptomatic pigs, the customized fluid group did not show any improvement in clinical symptoms, with no significant changes in blood chemistry or metabolite levels compared to controls. The customized fluid group showed a mild increase in some values after administration, yet within normal physiological ranges. The study reported no significant improvements in clinical or dehydration status, attributing the observed variations in blood test results to the limited sample size and anaesthesia effects rather than fluid characteristics.
CONCLUSIONS: Customized fluid therapy, tailored to mimic the ionic concentrations of pig blood, appears to be a safe and potentially more effective alternative to conventional solutions such as Hartmann\'s solution for treating pigs under various health conditions. Further research with larger sample sizes and controlled conditions is recommended to validate these findings and to explore the full potential of customized fluid therapy in veterinary practice.

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have favorable characteristics that render them a potent therapeutic tool. We tested the characteristics of MSCs after temporal storage in various carrier solutions, such as 0.9% saline (saline), 5% dextrose solution (DS), heparin in saline, and Hartmann\'s solution, all of which are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Phosphate-buffered saline, which does not have FDA approval, was also used as a carrier solution. We aimed to examine the effects of these solutions on the viability and characteristics of MSCs to evaluate their suitability and efficacy for the storage of canine adipose-derived MSCs (cADMSCs).
RESULTS: We stored the cADMSCs in the test carrier solutions in a time-dependent manner (1, 6, and 12 h) at 4 °C, and analyzed cell confluency, viability, proliferation, self-renewability, and chondrogenic differentiation. Cell confluency was significantly higher in 5% DS and lower in phosphate-buffered saline at 12 h compared to other solutions. cADMSCs stored in saline for 12 h showed the highest viability rate. However, at 12 h, the proliferation rate of cADMSCs was significantly higher after storage in 5% DS and significantly lower after storage in saline, compared to the other solutions. cADMSCs stored in heparin in saline showed superior chondrogenic capacities at 12 h compared to other carrier solutions. The expression levels of the stemness markers, Nanog and Sox2, as well as those of the MSC surface markers, CD90 and CD105, were also affected over time.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that MSCs should be stored in saline, 5% DS, heparin in saline, or Hartmann\'s solution at 4 °C, all of which have FDA approval (preferable storage conditions: less than 6 h and no longer than 12 h), rather than storing them in phosphate-buffered saline to ensure high viability and efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Balanced fluids are preferred in initial resuscitation of septic patients based on several recent studies. The Stewart\'s concept on acid-base balance predicts that high strong ion difference (SID) fluid thus will increase the pH level. To date, the impact of high SID fluid in septic patient with metabolic acidosis remains uncertain. We conducted single center, randomized, double-blind trial to compare the effect of high SID fluid vs. Hartmann\'s solution on acid-base status in selected sepsis patients in the Emergency Department.
METHODS: Septic patient with hyperlactatemia and metabolic acidosis were randomized to receive either high SID fl uid or Hartmann\'s solution during initial fl uid resuscitation. The primary outcome measures the pH and bicarbonate levels difference pre- and post- resuscitation.
RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-two patients underwent randomization, 81 were assigned each to receive high SID fluid or Hartmann\'s solution. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. High SID group received 23.5 mL/kg and the Hartmann\'s group received 22.7 mL/kg (p = 0.360). High SID fluid increased the mean (± SD) pH by 0.107 (± 0.09) vs. Hartmann\'s solution by 0.014 (± 0.12), p ≤ 0.001. Mean bicarbonate level increased signifi cantly in high SID group compared to Hartmann\'s (4.30 ± 3.76 vs. 1.25 ± 3.33, p ≤ 0.001). High SID group had higher post resuscitation lactate clearance than Hartmann\'s group (25.4 ± 28.3% vs. 12.0 ± 34.1%, p = 0.009). Shorter hospital stay was observed in highSID group 8.04 ± 5.96 days vs. Hartmann\'s group 12.18 ± 12.41 days (p = 0.048). Both groups showed no difference in incidence of pulmonary oedema, acute kidney injury and mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: Initial resuscitation using high SID fluid in selected septic patient improves pH and bicarbonate levels. The high SID group had better post resuscitation lactate clearance and shorter hospital stay.

暂无摘要。

The mechanisms of acid-base changes during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that, when used as CPB pump prime solutions, Plasma-Lyte 148 (PL) and Hartmann\'s solution (HS) have differential mechanisms of action in their contribution to acid-base changes.
We performed a prospective, double-blind, randomized trial in adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB. Participants received a CPB prime solution of 2000 mL, with either PL or HS. The primary endpoint was the standard base excess (SBE) value measured at 60 minutes after full CPB flows (SBE60min). Secondary outcomes included changes in SBE, pH, chloride, sodium, lactate, gluconate, acetate, strong ion difference and strong ion gap at two (T2min), five (T5min), ten (T10min), thirty (T30min) and sixty (T60min) minutes on CPB. The primary outcome was measured using a two-tailed Welch\'s t-test. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for differences between time points.
Twenty-five participants were randomized to PL and 25 to HS. Baseline characteristics, EURO and APACHE scores, biochemistry, hematology and volumes of cardioplegia were similar. Mean (SD) SBE at T60min was -1.3 (1.4) in the PL group and -0.1 (2.7) in the HS group; p=0.55. No significant differences in SBE between the groups was observed during the first 60 minutes (p=0.48). During CPB, there was hyperacetatemia and hypergluconatemia in the PL group and hyperlactatemia and hyperchloremia in the HS group. No significant difference between the groups in plasma bicarbonate levels and total weak acid levels were found. Complications and intensive care unit and hospital length of stays were similar.
During CPB, PL and HS did not cause a significant metabolic acidosis. There was hyperacetatemia and hypergluconatemia with PL and hyperchloremia and hyperlactatemia with HS. These physiochemical effects appear clinically innocuous.

暂无摘要。