背景:在植物培养中增加植物化学物质产生的最有效策略之一是激发。在本研究中,我们研究了非生物和生物激发子对生长的影响,关键的生物合成基因表达,抗氧化能力,根瘤菌(农杆菌)诱导的无花果毛状根培养物中的酚类化合物含量。西亚.
方法:激发子包括茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)作为非生物激发子,制备了用作生物诱导物的真菌Piriformospora的培养滤液和细胞提取物。在不同的时间点将F.carica毛状根的培养物暴露于elicitores。经过启发治疗,收集毛茸茸的根,并评估了增长指数,总酚(TPC)和类黄酮(TFC)含量,抗氧化活性(2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶酰肼,DPPH和铁离子还原抗氧化能力,FRAP测定),关键酚类/类黄酮生物合成基因的表达水平,与对照相比,一些主要酚类化合物的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析。
结果:激发对生长产生积极或消极影响,取决于激发子浓度和暴露时间,发根培养物中酚类/类黄酮化合物的含量以及DPPH和FRAP抗氧化活性。查尔酮合酶的最大表达水平(CHS:55.1),类黄酮3'-羟化酶(F3'H:34.33)基因和转录因子MYB3(32.22),碱性螺旋-环-螺旋(bHLH:45.73)是由MeJA诱导,而苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL:26.72)和UDP-葡萄糖类黄酮3-O-葡萄糖基转移酶(UFGT:27.57)基因的最高表达水平是在P.indica培养滤液诱导后获得的。P.indica诱导也引起了没食子酸含量的最大增加(5848µg/g),咖啡酸(508.2µg/g),芦丁(43.5微克/克),槲皮素(341微克/克),和芹菜素(1167微克/克)酚类化合物。
结论:这项研究支持对F.caricacv的启发。siah毛状根可以被认为是一种有效的生物技术方法,用于改善酚类/类黄酮化合物的生产,当然,这种方法需要进一步的研究。
BACKGROUND: One of the most effective strategies to increase phytochemicals production in plant cultures is elicitation. In the present study, we studied the effect of abiotic and biotic elicitors on the growth, key biosynthetic genes expression, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds content in Rhizobium (Agrobacterium) rhizogenes-induced hairy roots cultures of Ficus carica cv. Siah.
METHODS: The elicitors included methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as abiotic elicitor, culture filtrate and cell extract of fungus Piriformospora indica as biotic elicitors were prepared to use. The cultures of F. carica hairy roots were exposed to elicitores at different time points. After elicitation treatments, hairy roots were collected, and evaluated for growth index, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content, antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, FRAP assays), expression level of key phenolic/flavonoid biosynthesis genes, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of some main phenolic compounds in comparison to control.
RESULTS: Elicitation positively or negatively affected the growth, content of phenolic/flavonoid compounds and DPPH and FRAP antioxidant activities of hairy roots cultures in depending of elicitor concentration and exposure time. The maximum expression level of chalcone synthase (CHS: 55.1), flavonoid 3\'-hydroxylase (F3\'H: 34.33) genes and transcription factors MYB3 (32.22), Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH: 45.73) was induced by MeJA elicitation, whereas the maximum expression level of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL: 26.72) and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT: 27.57) genes was obtained after P. indica culture filtrate elicitation. The P. indica elicitation also caused greatest increase in the content of gallic acid (5848 µg/g), caffeic acid (508.2 µg/g), rutin (43.5 µg/g), quercetin (341 µg/g), and apigenin (1167 µg/g) phenolic compounds.
CONCLUSIONS: This study support that elicitation of F. carica cv. Siah hairy roots can be considered as an effective biotechnological method for improved phenolic/flavonoid compounds production, and of course this approach requires further research.