目的:在中国社区居住的成年人中,研究饮茶(频率和类型)与(1)糖尿病前期和糖尿病以及(2)尿葡萄糖和钠排泄的关系。
方法:在1923名参与者(457名糖尿病患者,720患有前驱糖尿病,和746血糖正常),频率(偶尔,频繁,daily,或无)和类型(绿色,黑色,黑暗,或其他)的茶消费量使用标准化问卷进行评估。晨点尿葡萄糖和尿葡萄糖与肌酐之比(UGCR)被评估为尿葡萄糖排泄的标志物。田中方程用于估计24小时尿钠排泄。进行Logistic和多元线性回归分析。
结果:与非饮茶者相比,每天喝茶的参与者中,糖尿病前期和糖尿病的相应多变量校正比值比(OR)分别为0.63(95%置信区间[CI]0.48,0.83)和0.58(95%CI0.41,0.82).然而,仅饮用黑茶与糖尿病前期(0.49,95%CI0.36,0.66)和糖尿病(0.41,95%CI0.28,0.62)的OR降低相关.黑茶消费与晨斑尿糖升高相关(0.22mmol/L,95%CI0.11,0.34mmol/L),UGCR(0.15mmol/mmol,95%CI0.05,0.25mmol/L)和估计的24小时尿钠(7.78mEq/天,95%CI2.27,13.28mEq/天)。
结论:经常喝茶,尤其是黑茶,在中国社区居住的成年人中,与血糖异常和尿葡萄糖和钠排泄增加的风险降低相关。
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of tea consumption (both frequency and type) with (1) prediabetes and diabetes and (2) urinary glucose and sodium excretion in Chinese community-dwelling adults.
METHODS: In 1923 participants (457 with diabetes, 720 with prediabetes, and 746 with normoglycaemia), the frequency (occasional, frequent, daily, or nil) and type (green, black, dark, or other) of tea consumption were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Morning spot urinary glucose and urine glucose-to-creatinine ratios (UGCRs) were assessed as markers of urinary glucose excretion. Tanaka\'s equation was used to estimate 24-h urinary sodium excretion. Logistic and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.
RESULTS: Compared with non-tea drinkers, the corresponding multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for prediabetes and diabetes were 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48, 0.83) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.41, 0.82) in participants drinking tea daily. However, only drinking dark tea was associated with reduced ORs for prediabetes (0.49, 95% CI 0.36, 0.66) and diabetes (0.41, 95% CI 0.28, 0.62). Dark tea consumption was associated with increased morning spot urinary glucose (0.22 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.11, 0.34 mmol/L), UGCR (0.15 mmol/mmol, 95% CI 0.05, 0.25 mmol/L) and estimated 24-h urinary sodium (7.78 mEq/day, 95% CI 2.27, 13.28 mEq/day).
CONCLUSIONS: Regular tea consumption, especially dark tea, is associated with a reduced risk of dysglycaemia and increased urinary glucose and sodium excretion in Chinese community-dwelling adults.