阐明抗菌肽(AMPs)和抗菌化合物(AMCs)对细菌细胞膜脂质双层区的损伤,已经检查了它们与各种脂质组成的巨大单层囊泡(GUV)的相互作用。发现揭示了泄漏的两个主要原因:膜中的纳米孔形成和GUV的爆发。尽管GUV爆发之前已经根据地毯模型进行了解释,支持的证据是有限的。在这次审查中,为了更好地阐明AMP引发GUV爆发的机制,AMC,和其他膜活性肽,我们描述了条件的当前知识,特点,以及GUV爆发的详细过程和爆发期间GUV形状的变化。我们确定了几个影响GUV爆发的物理因素,如膜张力,静电相互作用,GUV膜的结构变化,如膜折叠,和膜中的油。我们还阐明了与地毯模型中的泄漏有关的脂质双层不稳定的物理机制之一。基于这些结果,我们提出了由这些物质诱导的某些类型的GUV爆发的潜在机制:纳米孔生长到微孔,导致GUV爆发。
To clarify the damage of lipid bilayer region in bacterial cell membrane caused by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and antimicrobial compounds (AMCs), their interactions with giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) of various lipid compositions have been examined. The findings revealed two main causes for the leakage: nanopore formation in the membrane and burst of GUVs. Although GUV burst has been explained previously based on the carpet model, the supporting evidence is limited. In this review, to better clarify the mechanism of GUV burst by AMPs, AMCs, and other membrane-active peptides, we described current knowledge of the conditions, characteristics, and detailed processes of GUV burst and the changes in the shape of the GUVs during burst. We identified several physical factors that affect GUV burst, such as membrane tension, electrostatic interaction, structural changes of GUV membrane such as membrane folding, and oil in the membrane. We also clarified one of the physical mechanisms underlying the instability of lipid bilayers that are associated with leakage in the carpet model. Based on these results, we propose a mechanism underlying some types of GUV burst induced by these substances: the growth of a nanopore to a micropore, resulting in GUV burst.