昆虫目Blattodea(蟑螂和白蚁)因其与人类或周围生活的饮食习惯和生活方式而引起了大量研究关注。在本研究中,我们使用公开的RNA测序数据集专注于发现隐藏在Blattodea昆虫中的RNA病毒。总的来说,从36个Blattodea物种中鉴定出136种独特的RNA病毒,其中超过70%与Picornavirales中的无脊椎动物相关病毒组最密切相关,Sobelivirales,Bunyaviricetes,Jingchuvirales,Durnavirales,Lispiviridae,正粘病毒科,Permutotetaviridae,黄病毒科和Muvirales。几种病毒与脊椎动物(副粘病毒科)的病原体有关,植物(Tymovirales),原生动物(Totiviridae),真菌(Narnaviridae)和细菌(Norzivirales)。总的来说,从数据集中检索到93个完整或接近完整的病毒基因组,几种病毒似乎具有显着的时空分布。有趣的是,新鉴定的美洲大猩猩双生病毒与公认的双生病毒相比,显示出明显不同的双顺反子基因组排列,在基因组上具有易位的结构和非结构多蛋白编码开放阅读框.这些结果显着增强了我们对Blattodea昆虫RNA病毒层的了解,双螺旋病毒和其他RNA病毒中的新型基因组结构可能会打破我们对基因组进化和潜在新型病毒物种出现的理解的刻板印象。
The insect order Blattodea (cockroaches and termites) has drawn substantial research attention for their dietary habits and lifestyle of living with or around humans. In the present study, we focused on the discovery of RNA viruses hidden in Blattodea insects using the publicly available RNA sequencing datasets. Overall, 136 distinctive RNA viruses were identified from 36 Blattodea species, of which more than 70 % were most closely related to the invertebrate-associated viral groups within Picornavirales, Sobelivirales, Bunyaviricetes, Jingchuvirales, Durnavirales, Lispiviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Permutotetraviridae, Flaviviridae and Muvirales. Several viruses were associated with pathogens of vertebrates (Paramyxoviridae), plants (Tymovirales), protozoa (Totiviridae), fungi (Narnaviridae) and bacteria (Norzivirales). Collectively, 93 complete or near-complete viral genomes were retrieved from the datasets, and several viruses appeared to have remarkable temporal and spatial distributions. Interestingly, the newly identified Periplaneta americana dicistrovirus displayed a remarkable distinct bicistronic genome arrangement from the well-recognized dicistroviruses with the translocated structural and non-structural polyprotein encoding open reading frames over the genome. These results significantly enhance our knowledge of RNA virosphere in Blattodea insects, and the novel genome architectures in dicistroviruses and other RNA viruses may break our stereotypes in the understanding of the genomic evolution and the emergence of potential novel viral species.