多倍体水稻及其复倍体表现出丰富的表型变异和较强的杂种优势,表现出巨大的育种价值。然而,四倍体之间的基因组差异,对应的常见二倍体,四倍体-回复体二倍体,杂交后代还不清楚。在这项工作中,我们培育了一个优秀的两系杂交水稻新品种,Y梁有多惠14(HTRM12),使用海地四倍体自恢复二倍体(HTRM2)。此外,我们比较分析了这些近亲的重要农艺性状和全基因组变异,海地二倍体(HT2),海地四倍体(HT4),详细介绍了HTRM2和HTRM12,基于多重表型调查,基因组重测序,和生物信息学分析。农艺性状分析和全基因组单核苷酸多态性(SNP)变异分析结果,插入-删除(InDel),和拷贝数变异(CNV)表明HT4和HTRM2与HT2相比具有丰富的表型和基因组变异。HTRM2可以继承HT4的重要特征和变异。这意味着四倍体自回二倍体在创造优良的育种材料和育种突破性的杂交水稻品种方面具有很高的潜力。我们的研究验证了多倍体水稻可以作为突变载体创造变异的可行性,并提供了基因组信息,育种新材料,为四倍体水稻育种提供了新的应用途径。
Polyploid rice and its reverted diploid show rich phenotypic variation and strong heterosis, showing great breeding value. However, the genomic differences among tetraploids, counterpart common diploids, tetraploid-revertant diploids, and hybrid descendants are unclear. In this work, we bred a new excellent two-line hybrid rice variety, Y Liang You Duo Hui 14 (HTRM12), using Haitian tetraploid self-reverted diploid (HTRM2). Furthermore, we comparatively analyzed the important agronomic traits and genome-wide variations of those closest relatives, Haitian diploid (HT2), Haitian tetraploid (HT4), HTRM2, and HTRM12 in detail, based on multiple phenotypic investigations, genome resequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. The results of agronomic traits analysis and genome-wide variation analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), insertion-deletion (InDel), and copy number variation (CNV) show that HT4 and HTRM2 had abundant phenotypic and genomic variations compared to HT2. HTRM2 can inherit important traits and variations from HT4. This implies that tetraploid self-reverted diploid has high potential in creating excellent breeding materials and in breeding breakthrough hybrid rice varieties. Our study verifies the feasibility that polyploid rice could be used as a mutation carrier for creating variations and provides genomic information, new breeding materials, and a new way of application for tetraploid rice breeding.