目的:不同的沙门氏菌血清型被认为是世界上最重要的食品病原体之一。禽肉和禽蛋是人群中沙门氏菌的主要携带者。本研究旨在评估卡拉杰零售母鸡和鹌鹑蛋的肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌污染率,伊朗。此外,对菌株的耐药性模式进行了评估,并比较了标准培养方法和多重聚合酶链反应(m-PCR)的效率。
方法:在这项为期1年(2022年1月至12月)的描述性横断面研究中,150个商业鸡蛋和150个后院鸡蛋和300个商业鹌鹑鸡蛋,没有裂缝和断裂,是从卡拉杰市最畅销的杂货中随机收集的。通过标准培养和m-PCR方法独立地检查所有样品的沙门氏菌污染。采用标准的圆盘扩散方法来评估菌株对18种抗微生物剂的抗微生物敏感性。
结果:在300个受检鸡蛋中,从后院鸡蛋的外壳中分离出2株肠炎菌。在这两个卵之一的内容物中也检测到相同的血清型。从商业鸡蛋的壳中分离出一种鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。总的来说,沙门氏菌对外壳和内容物的污染分别为1%和0.3%,分别。沙门氏菌未从蛋壳或鹌鹑蛋的内容物中分离出来。m-PCR的结果与标准培养方法完全一致。在18种测试的抗生素中,粘菌素的抗性最高(100%),其次是萘啶酸(75%)。
结论:与大多数沙门氏菌一样。与人类食物中毒有关,需要持续监测,以有效降低受污染禽蛋造成的风险。此外,建议强制监测伊朗家禽养殖场的抗菌药物使用情况.
OBJECTIVE: Different Salmonella serotypes are considered one of the most important food pathogens in the world. Poultry meat and eggs are the primary carriers of Salmonella in human populations. This study aimed to estimate the Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium contamination rates of retail hen and quail eggs in Karaj, Iran. Moreover, the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the strains were evaluated, and the efficiency of the standard culture method and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) were compared.
METHODS: In this descriptive cross-sectional study over 1 year (Jan-Dec 2022), 150 commercial and 150 backyard hen eggs and 300 commercial quail eggs, without cracks and fractures, were collected randomly from best selling groceries in Karaj city. All samples were examined for Salmonella contamination independently by standard culture and m-PCR approaches. A standard disc diffusion method was employed to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains against 18 antimicrobial agents.
RESULTS: Out of 300 examined eggs, 2 S. enteritidis strains were isolated from the shell of backyard hen eggs. The same serotype was also detected in the contents of one of these two eggs. One S. typhimurium was isolated from the shell of a commercial hen egg. Overall, the Salmonella contamination of the shell and contents was 1% and 0.3%, respectively. Salmonella was not isolated from the eggshells or the contents of the quail eggs. There was complete agreement between the results of m-PCR and the standard culture methods. Among the 18 tested antibiotics, the highest resistance was recorded for colistin (100%), followed by nalidixic acid (75%).
CONCLUSIONS: As most Salmonella spp. are associated with human food poisoning, continuous surveillance is required to effectively reduce the risk posed by contaminated poultry eggs. Furthermore, mandatory monitoring of antimicrobial use on Iranian poultry farms is recommended.