探讨发酵菜籽粕(FRSM)对生长性能和肠道健康的影响,总共30头生长猪被随机分配到三种处理,包括玉米-豆粕饮食(CSD),菜籽粕饮食(RSD),和发酵菜籽粕日粮(FRSD)。结果表明,与RSD相比,FRSD喂养增加了猪的平均日增重和最终体重(P<0.01)。与RSD饲喂相比,FRSD饲喂提高了粗蛋白的表观消化率,酸性洗涤剂纤维,和乙醚提取物在猪中(P<0.01)。此外,FRSD组表现出更大的His表观回肠消化率,Thr,Lys,Ser组优于RSD组(P<0.01)。可消化的能量,代谢能,FRSD和CSD组的氮利用率高于RSD组(P<0.01)。与RSD相比,FRSD喂养降低了血清瘦素浓度,但显着增加了免疫球蛋白(Ig)A的浓度,IgG,ghrelin,和淀粉酶的酶活性,脂肪酶,胰腺中的胰蛋白酶(P<0.05)。有趣的是,绒毛高度,绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比,和刷边界酶的活性(例如,CSD和FRSD组小肠中的麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶)高于RSD组(P<0.05)。与RSD相比,FRSD喂养不仅增加了小肠上皮中occludin的表达水平(P<0.05),而且提高了十二指肠中claudin-1,MUC1和PepT1基因的表达水平,空肠中SGLT1和CAT1基因的表达水平升高(P<0.05)。重要的是,FRSD饲喂显著降低了大肠杆菌的丰度,但增加了盲肠和结肠中乳酸菌的丰度和丁酸盐的含量(P<0.05)。这些结果表明,与菜籽粕相比,发酵菜籽粕对改善生长猪的生长性能和肠道健康具有积极作用,结果也可能有助于开发用于动物营养和饲料工业的新型蛋白质来源。
To explore the effects of fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) on growth performance and intestinal health, a total of 30 growing pigs were randomly allotted to three treatments consisting of corn-soybean meal diet (CSD), rapeseed meal diet (RSD), and fermented rapeseed meal diet (FRSD). Results showed that compared with RSD, FRSD feeding increased the average daily gain and final body weight in pigs (P < 0.01). Compared with RSD feeding, FRSD feeding elevated the apparent digestibility of crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and ether extract in pigs (P < 0.01). Moreover, the FRSD group exhibited greater apparent ileal digestibility of His, Thr, Lys, and Ser than the RSD group (P < 0.01). The digestible energy, metabolic energy, and nitrogen utilization were higher in the FRSD and CSD groups than in the RSD group (P < 0.01). As compared to the RSD, FRSD feeding decreased the serum concentration of leptin but significantly increased the concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, ghrelin, and enzyme activities of amylase, lipase, and trypsin in the pancreas (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the villus height, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and the activities of brush border enzymes (e.g., maltase and sucrase) in the small intestine were higher in the CSD and FRSD groups than in the RSD group (P < 0.05). As compared to the RSD, the FRSD feeding not only increased the expression level of the occludin in the small intestinal epithelium (P < 0.05) but also elevated the expression levels of claudin-1, MUC1, and PepT1 genes in the duodenum, and elevated the expression levels of SGLT1 and CAT1 genes in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Importantly, FRSD feeding significantly decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli, but increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and the content of butyrate in the cecum and colon (P < 0.05). These results indicated that compared with rapeseed meal, fermented rapeseed meal exhibited a positive effect on improving the growth performance and intestinal health in growing pigs, and the results may also help develop novel protein sources for animal nutrition and the feed industry.