Abstract：
(1) The present study tested in vitro the capacity of a fermented rapeseed meal extract to reduce medicinal ZnO, which will be banned at the EU level from 2023 onwards because of its potential to cause environmental pollution and the development of Zn resistance in gut bacteria. Rapeseed meal could be an important ZnO substitute as it has antioxidant/radical scavenging properties due to its content of bioactive compounds (e.g., polyphenols). (2) Protein array and flow cytometry were used to detect apoptosis, oxidative stress production, and inflammatory and signaling-related molecules in Caco-2 and goblet HT29-MTX co-culture cells challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides and treated with ZnO and FRSM. (3) LPS induced cell death (21.1% vs. 12.7% in control, p < 0.005); apoptosis (16.6%); ROS production; and overexpression of biomarkers related to inflammation (63.15% cytokines and 66.67% chemokines), oxidative stress, and signaling proteins when compared to untreated cells. ZnO was effective in counteracting the effect of LPS, and 73.68% cytokines and 91.67% of chemokines were recovered. FRSM was better at restoring normal protein expression for 78.94% of cytokines, 91.67% of chemokines, and 61.11% of signaling molecules. FRSM was able to mitigate negative effects of LPS and might be an alternative to ZnO in pig diets.
摘要：
(1)本研究在体外测试了发酵菜籽粕提取物降低药用氧化锌的能力，这将从2023年起在欧盟层面被禁止，因为它有可能导致环境污染和肠道细菌锌抗性的发展。菜籽粕可能是重要的ZnO替代品，因为它具有抗氧化/自由基清除特性，因为它含有生物活性化合物（例如，多酚）。(2)采用蛋白芯片和流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,氧化应激的产生，Caco-2和杯状HT29-MTX共培养细胞中的炎症和信号相关分子受到大肠杆菌脂多糖的攻击，并用ZnO和FRSM处理。(3)LPS诱导的细胞死亡(21.1%vs.控制12.7%，p＆lt;0.005）;细胞凋亡（16.6％）;ROS产生;以及与炎症相关的生物标志物的过度表达（63.15％的细胞因子和66.67％的趋化因子），氧化应激，和信号蛋白相比未经处理的细胞。ZnO能有效抵消LPS的影响,73.68%的细胞因子和91.67%的趋化因子被回收。FRSM能较好地恢复78.94%细胞因子的正常蛋白表达,91.67%的趋化因子，和61.11%的信号分子。FRSM能够减轻LPS的负面影响，并且可能是猪日粮中ZnO的替代品。
