目的:确定阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)儿童跨年龄范围的基线面部凸度测量值。
方法:多导睡眠图,立体摄影测量,生物特征数据是从正在接受OSA调查的0-18岁儿童中收集的。分析根据OSA严重程度和其他睡眠参数评估面部凸度的差异,在调整年龄的同时,种族,和性爱。
结果:91名儿童,年龄0.05-16.02岁,符合本研究的纳入标准。初步分析表明,年龄的对数对面部凸度有显着影响(P=8.3·10-7),性别的影响显着(P=1.3·10-2)。但不包括OSA。考虑年龄的有序逻辑回归,性别,体重,高度,OSA严重程度为阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数阴性的种族,温和,中度,或严重显示面部凸度与OSA严重程度相关(P=2.2·10-3);凸度钝角的增加增加了被归类为严重OSA的趋势。
结论:使用三维成像,我们发现婴儿期对面部凸度随年龄的变化有额外的影响。虽然建模可以在没有任何OSA相关睡眠参数的情况下描述面部凸性,在经过生长调整的OSA严重程度不同的群体中,面部凸度存在差异(年龄,体重,和高度),性别,和种族。该方法为儿童的其他医学成像技术提供了更安全,更便宜的替代方案,并且具有将来用于颅面结构研究的潜力。
背景:泰勒G,MachaalaniR,沃特斯KA.儿童跨年龄频谱的三维正畸成像及其与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的相关性。JClinSleepMed.2023年;19(2):275-282。
To determine baseline facial convexity measurements in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) across the age spectrum.
Polysomnogram, stereophotogrammetry, and biometric data were collected from children aged 0-18 years who were being investigated for OSA. Analyses evaluated differences in facial convexity according to OSA severity and other sleep parameters, while adjusting for age, ethnicity, and sex.
Ninety-one children, aged 0.05-16.02 years, met the inclusion criteria for this study. Initial analysis showed that the logarithm of age had a significant effect on facial convexity (P = 8.3·10-7) with significant effects of sex (P = 1.3·10-2), while excluding OSA. Ordinal logistic regression taking into consideration age, sex, weight, height, and ethnicity with OSA severity categorized as obstructive apnea-hypopnea index negative, mild, moderate, or severe showed that facial convexity was associated with OSA severity (P = 2.2·10-3); an increasing obtuse angle of convexity increased the tendency to be classified as having severe OSA.
Using three-dimensional imaging, we found an added impact of infancy on changes of facial convexity with age. While modeling could describe facial convexity without any OSA-associated sleep parameters, differences in facial convexity were present among groups with different levels of OSA severity adjusted for growth (age, weight, and height), sex, and ethnicity. The method provides a safer and cheaper alternative to other medical imaging techniques in children and holds potential for future use in studies of craniofacial structure.
Tyler G, Machaalani R, Waters KA. Three-dimensional orthodontic imaging in children across the age spectrum and correlations with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(2):275-282.