大约5-15%的所有皮肤恶性肿瘤表现在上下眼睑。原发类型包括基底细胞癌,鳞状细胞癌,皮脂腺细胞癌,默克尔细胞癌和黑色素瘤紧随其后。基底细胞癌主要影响下眼睑,还有其他各种癌症,黑色素瘤,转移,不同来源的肿瘤可能出现在上下眼睑。危险因素,如高龄,吸烟,尤其是,暴露于UV光显着有助于这些眼睑病变的发展。尽管发病率越来越高,对皮肤性眼睑恶性肿瘤的研究仍然有限。然而,鉴于许多全身性肿瘤恶性肿瘤最初表现为转移性眼睑病变,因此这项研究势在必行。本文对眼睑解剖进行了深入的探索,临床表现,诊断,和治疗管理。要点:眼睑转移占所有眼睑癌的不到百分之一,然而,它们通常作为潜在的系统性恶性肿瘤的初始指征。早期发现和治疗对于改善患者预后和生活质量至关重要。治疗方案包括一系列模式,以Mohs手术为眼部肿瘤切除的金标准。其他治疗选择包括局部切除以及非手术干预,如放疗,冷冻疗法,免疫疗法,和局部用药。
Approximately 5-15% of all dermatologic malignancies manifest in the upper and lower eyelids. The primary types include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and sebaceous cell carcinoma, with Merkel cell carcinoma and melanoma following closely behind. Basal cell carcinoma predominantly affects the lower eyelid, yet various other carcinomas, melanomas, metastases, and neoplasms of diverse origins can arise on both upper and lower eyelids. Risk factors such as advanced age, smoking, and notably, exposure to UV light significantly contribute to the development of these eyelid lesions. Despite the increasing incidence, research on dermatologic eyelid malignancies remains limited. However, such study is imperative given that many systemic oncologic malignancies initially present as metastatic eyelid lesions. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of eyelid anatomy, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment management.Key Points: Eyelid metastases represent less than one percent of all eyelid cancers, yet they often serve as the initial indication of an underlying systemic malignancy. Early detection and treatment is crucial in improving prognosis and quality of life for patients. Treatment options encompass a range of modalities, with Mohs surgery as the gold standard for the removal of ocular tumors. Additional treatment options include local excision as well as non-surgical interventions such as radiotherapy, cryotherapy, immunotherapy, and topical medications.