目的:采用神经心理学量表和事件相关电位(ERPs)研究高神经质和低神经质老年正常人的错误记忆,探讨高神经质对错误记忆的影响及其神经电生理机制。
方法:进行了横断面研究,其中一般情况调查表,采用成人版艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)对郑州市社区60岁以上老年正常人进行多维调查,采用EPQ和一般情况问卷对206名老年人进行综合筛选,将研究对象分为高神经质组和低神经质组。人口按性别1:1匹配,年龄(±2岁),和受教育年限(±2年),最终招募了40名受试者,使用ERP检测脑电图(EEG)成分。使用E-prime2.0系统设计了错误记忆的Deese-Roediger-McDermott(DRM)范式,并提出了刺激计划。实时记录研究对象的脑电信号,并使用64通道Neuroscan脑电信号采集系统进行采集。
结果:高神经质组的平均准确度明显低于低神经质组,平均准确度差异有统计学意义(P=0.013),但反应时间差异无统计学意义。2.脑电成分N400的平均振幅:N400在脑区的主效应差异有显著性(P<0.001),N400的平均振幅在额叶区域最大,依次为中央区和顶区(均P<0.05)。神经质主效应或神经质与脑区的交互效应无统计学差别。N400的潜伏期:神经主效应没有显着差异,脑区的主要效应或神经质与脑区的交互效应。3.脑电分量LPC的平均振幅:脑区主效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),LPC的平均振幅在额叶区域最大,依次为中央区和顶区(均P<0.05)。神经主效应无显著差异,神经质或神经质与脑区的交互效应。至于LPC的延迟,脑区的主效应有显著性差异(P=0.025),额叶区LPC潜伏期短于中央区(P<0.05)。神经质主效应的差异,神经质与脑区的交互作用无统计学意义。
结论:高神经质可显著增加老年正常人的错误记忆。EEG成分N400和LPC是影响错误记忆的高神经质的潜在早期指标。高神经质可能通过影响额叶皮层功能来影响错误记忆。
OBJECTIVE: To study the false memory among senile normal people with high neuroticism and low neuroticism using neuropsychological scales and event-related potentials (ERPs), and to explore the effects of high neuroticism on false memory and its neuroelectrophysiological mechanism.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which the general situation questionnaire, adult version of Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale were used to establish a multi-dimensional survey in senile normal people over 60 years old from communities in Zhengzhou, and the EPQ and general situation questionnaire were used to comprehensively screen and divide the study subjects into high neuroticism group and low neuroticism group from 206 senile people. The population was matched by 1:1 according to gender, age (±2 years), and years of education (±2 years), and 40 subjects were finally enrolled for detection of electroencephalograph (EEG) components using ERPs. The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm of false memory was designed using E-prime2.0 system, and the stimulus program was presented. The EEG signals of the study subjects were recorded in real time and acquired using 64-channel Neuroscan EEG signals acquisition system.
RESULTS: High neuroticism group was evidently lower in the mean accuracy than low neuroticism group, and the difference in the mean accuracy was statistically significant (P = 0.013), but the difference in reaction time was not statistically significant. 2. The mean amplitude of EEG component N400: The difference in the main effect of N400 in the brain region was significantly different (P<0.001), and the mean amplitude of N400 was the largest in frontal region, followed by central region and parietal region successively (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the neurotic main effect or the interaction effect of neuroticism and brain region. The latency of N400: There was no significant difference in the neurotic main effect, main effect of the brain region or the interaction effect of neuroticism and brain region. 3. The mean amplitude of EEG component LPC: The difference in the main effect of the brain region was significantly different (P<0.001), and the mean amplitude of LPC was the largest in frontal region, followed by central region and parietal region successively (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the neurotic main effect, neuroticism or the interaction effect of neuroticism and brain region. As to the latency of LPC, there was significant difference in the main effect of the brain region (P = 0.025), and the latency of LPC was shorter in frontal region than that in central region (P<0.05). The differences in the neurotic main effect, interaction effect of neuroticism and brain region were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: High neuroticism can significantly increase the false memory of senile normal people. The EEG components N400 and LPC are potential early indicators of high neuroticism affecting false memory. High neuroticism may influence false memory by affecting the frontal cortex function.