巴西拥有广泛的地理生物多样性,分布在六个不同的生物群落中。然而,它一直遭受着对其资源的滥用,这对当地的动植物构成了威胁。亚马逊和大西洋森林,例如,是稀有和可食用的本地物种的发源地,如bacaba(Oenocarpusbacaba,槟榔科)和camu-camu(Myrciariadubia,桃金娘科),和cereja-do-RioGrande(Eugeniainvolucrata,Myrtaceae)和grumixama(Eugeniabrasiliensis,桃金娘科),分别。这些植物生产的水果是大量和微量营养素的来源,包括糖,膳食纤维,维生素,矿物,和/或脂质。营养,他们的消费有能力达到部分或全部成人每日推荐的一些营养素。最近,这些水果也被暴露为次要生物活性化合物的有趣来源,如类胡萝卜素,萜烯,和/或多酚,后者包括花青素,酚酸,还有单宁.特别是,bacaba突出是多不饱和脂肪酸的丰富来源(约22%,干重)和膳食纤维(6.5-21%,干重);camu-camu具有非常高的维生素C含量(每100克纸浆高达5000毫克,干基);cereja-do-Rio-Grande和grumixama是花青素的丰富来源。尽管它们仍未被充分开发,对果实不同部位的一些体外和体内研究,包括果皮,种子,和纸浆,通过抗氧化来表明他们的健康潜力,抗肥胖,抗高血糖,抗血脂异常,抗菌,和/或抗癌作用。考虑到所有的事情,这项研究的重点是强调来自亚马逊和大西洋森林生物群落的本地水果的生物活性潜力和健康影响。
Brazil has a broad geographic biodiversity spread across its six different biomes. However, it has been suffering from the abusive exploitation of its resources, which poses a threat to the local fauna and flora. The Amazon and Atlantic Forest, for example, are birthplaces to rare and edible native species, such as bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba, Arecaceae) and camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia, Myrtaceae), and cereja-do-Rio Grande (
Eugenia involucrata, Myrtaceae) and grumixama (
Eugenia brasiliensis, Myrtaceae), respectively. These plants produce fruits which are sources of macro and micronutrients, including sugars, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, and/or lipids. Nutritionally, their consumption have the ability to reach partially or totally the daily recommendations for adults of some nutrients. More recently, these fruits have also been exposed as interesting sources of minor bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, terpenes, and/or polyphenols, the latter which include anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and tannins. Particularly, bacaba stands out for being a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (around 22%, dry weight) and dietary fibers (6.5-21%, dry weight); camu-camu has very high contents of vitamin C (up to 5000 mg per 100 g of pulp, dry basis); and cereja-do-Rio-Grande and grumixama are abundant sources of anthocyanins. Although they are still underexplored, several in vitro and in vivo studies with different parts of the fruits, including the peel, seed, and pulp, indicate their health potential through anti-oxidative, anti-obesity, antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, antimicrobial, and/or anticancer effects. All things considered, the focus of this research was to highlight the bioactive potential and health impact of native fruits from the Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes.