头癣(TC)的流行病学数据,皮肤癣菌对头皮的感染,在喀麦隆是稀缺的。这项研究旨在确定Dschang分区的学童中TC的患病率,喀麦隆西部。2021年6月在Dschang进行了一项横断面研究,其中包括5-13岁的学生。首先,我们对参与者进行了标准化问卷,以收集社会人口统计学数据.然后,收集样品并在Sabouraud-氯霉素-庆大霉素琼脂上培养。根据其形态特征和MALDI-TOF质谱鉴定病原体。共有1070名儿童接受了临床检查,108名(10.1%)儿童出现TC病变。1070名参与者的平均年龄为8.3±2.6岁(范围:5-13岁);772(72.2%)为男性。钻孔水的使用(OR=0.01,95CI[0.001-0.03]),泉水(OR=0.2,95CI[0.08-0.50]),雨水(OR=0.004,95CI[0.001-0.016]),和美发沙龙访问(OR=0.413,95CI[0.196-0.872])在多变量逻辑回归分析中与TC风险降低相关.相比之下,与兄弟姐妹同床(OR=4.48,95CI[2.095-9.60])与儿童TC风险增加相关.在培养中分离出的32种皮肤癣菌中,audouinii小孢子菌最常见(43.8%),其次是红色毛癣菌(25.0%)和T.soudanense(25.0%)。犬小孢子菌和紫菜均很少分离。需要进一步的研究来评估TC与本研究中强调的生活用水的关联。
Data on the epidemiology of tinea capitis (TC), an infection of the scalp by dermatophytes, are scarce in Cameroon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TC among school-children in the Dschang Subdivision, Western Cameroon. A cross-sectional study was carried out in June 2021 in Dschang including pupils aged 5-13. First, a standardized questionnaire was administered to participant for the collection of sociodemographic data. Then, samples were collected and cultured onto Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol-Gentamicin Agar. The etiological agents were identified based on their morphological features and with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 1070 children were clinically examined and 108 (10.1%) children presented with TC lesions. The mean age of the 1070 participants was 8.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 5-13 years); 772 (72.2%) were males. The use of borehole water (OR = 0.01, 95%CI[0.001-0.03]), spring water (OR = 0.2, 95%CI[0.08-0.50]), rainwater (OR = 0.004, 95%CI[0.001-0.016]), and hairdressing salons visits (OR = 0.413, 95%CI[0.196-0.872]) were associated with a decreased TC risk in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. In contrast, sharing bed with siblings (OR = 4.48, 95%CI[2.095-9.60]) was associated with an increased TC risk in children. Among the 32 dermatophytes isolated in culture, Microsporum audouinii was the most frequent (43.8%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (25.0%) and T. soudanense (25.0%). Microsporum canis and T. violaceum were both rarely isolated. Further studies are warranted to assess the association of TC with domestic water usage that has been highlighted in this study.