Abstract：
Data on the epidemiology of tinea capitis (TC), an infection of the scalp by dermatophytes, are scarce in Cameroon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TC among school-children in the Dschang Subdivision, Western Cameroon. A cross-sectional study was carried out in June 2021 in Dschang including pupils aged 5-13. First, a standardized questionnaire was administered to participant for the collection of sociodemographic data. Then, samples were collected and cultured onto Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol-Gentamicin Agar. The etiological agents were identified based on their morphological features and with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 1070 children were clinically examined and 108 (10.1%) children presented with TC lesions. The mean age of the 1070 participants was 8.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 5-13 years); 772 (72.2%) were males. The use of borehole water (OR = 0.01, 95%CI[0.001-0.03]), spring water (OR = 0.2, 95%CI[0.08-0.50]), rainwater (OR = 0.004, 95%CI[0.001-0.016]), and hairdressing salons visits (OR = 0.413, 95%CI[0.196-0.872]) were associated with a decreased TC risk in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. In contrast, sharing bed with siblings (OR = 4.48, 95%CI[2.095-9.60]) was associated with an increased TC risk in children. Among the 32 dermatophytes isolated in culture, Microsporum audouinii was the most frequent (43.8%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (25.0%) and T. soudanense (25.0%). Microsporum canis and T. violaceum were both rarely isolated. Further studies are warranted to assess the association of TC with domestic water usage that has been highlighted in this study.
摘要：
头癣（TC）的流行病学数据，皮肤癣菌对头皮的感染，在喀麦隆是稀缺的。这项研究旨在确定Dschang分区的学童中TC的患病率，喀麦隆西部。2021年6月在Dschang进行了一项横断面研究，其中包括5-13岁的学生。首先,我们对参与者进行了标准化问卷,以收集社会人口统计学数据.然后，收集样品并在Sabouraud-氯霉素-庆大霉素琼脂上培养。根据其形态特征和MALDI-TOF质谱鉴定病原体。共有1070名儿童接受了临床检查，108名（10.1％）儿童出现TC病变。1070名参与者的平均年龄为8.3±2.6岁（范围：5-13岁）;772（72.2％）为男性。钻孔水的使用(OR=0.01，95CI[0.001-0.03])，泉水（OR=0.2，95CI[0.08-0.50]），雨水（OR=0.004,95CI[0.001-0.016]），和美发沙龙访问(OR=0.413,95CI[0.196-0.872])在多变量逻辑回归分析中与TC风险降低相关.相比之下,与兄弟姐妹同床(OR=4.48,95CI[2.095-9.60])与儿童TC风险增加相关.在培养中分离出的32种皮肤癣菌中，audouinii小孢子菌最常见(43.8%),其次是红色毛癣菌（25.0％）和T.soudanense（25.0％）。犬小孢子菌和紫菜均很少分离。需要进一步的研究来评估TC与本研究中强调的生活用水的关联。
