焦虑和抑郁是全球最常见的心理健康障碍,每个影响约30%的中风幸存者。这些并发症不仅影响脑卒中患者的功能恢复和生活质量,但也让看护者感到苦恼。然而,仍然缺乏有效的治疗方法。丰富的环境(EE),具有新颖的多维刺激,据报道,对身体和认知功能具有治疗作用。此外,EE对缺血性中风后的情绪障碍也有潜在的积极影响;然而,底层机制尚未得到很好的阐明。本研究旨在探讨EE对脑缺血后情绪障碍的作用及其机制。在这项研究中,感觉运动皮质梗死是由具有稳定梗死位置和体积的光血栓形成引起的,导致运动障碍,小鼠的焦虑和抑郁样行为,ALFF和ReHo值降低,梗死区和邻近区域c-fos表达降低。7天的EE治疗显着改善了梗死小鼠对侧前肢的运动功能,并表现出抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用。与标准环境中的老鼠相比,那些受到急性EE刺激的患者在双侧体感皮层(S1,S2)中的ALFF和ReHo值显着增加,背侧齿状回(dDG),海马背侧CA1(dCA1),外侧—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————导水管周围灰色(PAG),同侧初级运动皮层(M1),脾后皮质(RSC),顶叶联合皮质(PtA),海马背侧CA3(dCA3),claustrum(Cl),腹侧苍白球(VP),杏仁核(艾米),和对侧听觉皮层(Au)。一些,但不是全部,上述同侧脑区显示伴随的c-fos表达增加,dDG变化最显著。dDG中FosB阳性细胞数,在梗塞小鼠中减少,慢性EE治疗后显著增加。dDG神经元的化学遗传激活减少了梗死小鼠的焦虑和抑郁样行为,而神经元抑制导致EE的抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用无效。总之,这些研究结果表明,dDG神经元可能在皮质梗死小鼠中介导EE触发的抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用.
Anxiety and depression are the most common mental health disorders worldwide, each affecting around 30% stroke survivors. These complications not only affect the functional recovery and quality of life in stroke patients, but also are distressing for caregivers. However, effective treatments are still lacking. Enriched environment (EE), characterized with novel and multi-dimensional stimulation, has been reported to exert therapeutic effects on physical and cognitive function. In addition, EE also had potential positive effects on emotional disorders after ischemic stroke; however, the underling mechanisms have not been well elucidated. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of EE on emotional disorders after cerebral ischemia and its underling mechanism. Sensorimotor cortical infarction was induced by photothrombosis with stable infarct location and volume, resulting in motor dysfunction, anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice, with decreased ALFF and ReHo values and decreased c-fos expression in the infarction area and adjacent regions. Seven days\' EE treatment significantly improved motor function of contralateral forelimb and exhibited anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in infarcted mice. Compared to the mice housing in a standard environment, those subjected to acute EE stimulation had significantly increased ALFF and ReHo values in the bilateral somatosensory cortex (S1, S2), dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG), dorsal CA1 of hippocampus (dCA1), lateral habenular nucleus (LHb), periaqueductal gray (PAG), ipsilateral primary motor cortex (M1), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), parietal association cortex (PtA), dorsal CA3 of hippocampus (dCA3), claustrum (Cl), ventral pallidum (VP), amygdala (Amy), and contralateral auditory cortex (Au). Some of, but not all, the ipsilateral brain regions mentioned above showed accompanying increases in c-fos expression with the most significant changes in the dDG. The number of FosB positive cells in the dDG, decreased in infarcted mice, was significantly increased after chronic EE treatment. Chemogenetic activation of dDG neurons reduced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors in infarcted mice, while neuronal inhibition resulted in void of the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of EE. Altogether, these findings indicated that dDG neurons may mediate EE-triggered anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in cortical infarcted mice.