背景:青少年运动员关于健康行为的价值观,包括他们对兴奋剂的态度,很大程度上来自他们的父母。因此,澄清影响父母对孩子的药物摄入和营养的意图的因素可以帮助阐明青少年运动员健康行为价值观的形成过程。
方法:在2021年3月8日至3月9日之间,通过互联网研究公司进行了在线问卷调查;收集了来自日本2,000名居民的数据。参与者是30-59岁的男性和女性居民,他们有小学或高中的孩子,属于体育俱乐部。调查项目包括被调查者和儿童的基本信息,受访者的健康素养,以及受访者和儿童曾经(或正在)从事的运动水平。受访者还被问及是否希望他们的孩子接受处方药,非处方药,草药,疫苗,补充剂,或能量饮料。采用Logistic回归分析,分析被调查者基本信息和健康素养与接受处方药和非处方药意向的关系,草药,疫苗,补充剂,和能量饮料。
结果:较高的父母健康素养与较高的儿童接受处方药的意愿相关(比值比[OR]=1.025,95%置信区间[CI]:1.016-1.035),非处方药(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.003-1.021),处方药(OR=1.021,95%CI:1.021-1.030),非处方药(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.003-1.021),和疫苗(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.016-1.035)。相反,儿童接受能量饮料的意向(OR=0.990,95%CI:0.980-1.000)显著下降。随着孩子运动水平的提高,父母对孩子接受口服处方药的意愿下降(OR=0.886,95%CI:0.791-0.992),接受补充剂(OR=1.492,95%CI:1.330-1.673)和能量饮料的意愿显着增加(OR=1.480,95%CI:1.307-1.676)。
结论:青少年运动员父母的健康素养与孩子接受药物的意愿有关。医疗保健提供者应建议青少年运动员的父母允许他们的孩子接受必要的药物治疗,并防止因补充摄入而导致的兴奋剂违规。
Adolescent athletes\' values regarding health behaviors, including their attitudes toward doping, are largely derived from those of their parents. Therefore, clarifying the factors that affect parents\' intentions regarding their children\'s medicine intake and nutrition can help elucidate the process of forming values of healthy behaviors in young athletes.
Between March 8 and March 9, 2021, an online questionnaire survey was conducted via an Internet research company; data from 2,000 residents in Japan were collected. Participants were male and female residents aged 30-59 years with children in elementary or high school and belonging to sports clubs. The survey items included respondent\'s and child\'s basic information, respondent\'s health literacy, and level of sports in which the respondent and child were (or are) engaged. Respondents were also asked if they would like their children to receive prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, herbal medicines, vaccines, supplements, or energy drinks. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between respondents\' basic information and health literacy and their intention to receive prescription and over-the-counter drugs, herbal medicines, vaccines, supplements, and energy drinks.
Higher parental health literacy was associated with higher children\'s willingness to receive prescription drugs (odds ratio [OR] = 1.025, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.016-1.035), over-the-counter drugs (OR = 1.012, 95% CI: 1.003-1.021), prescription herbal medicines (OR = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.021-1.030), over-the-counter herbal medicines (OR = 1.012, 95% CI: 1.003-1.021), and vaccines (OR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.016-1.035). Conversely, the children\'s intention to receive energy drinks (OR = 0.990, 95% CI: 0.980-1.000) decreased significantly. As the child\'s athletic level increased, parents\' willingness for their children to receive oral prescription medicines decreased (OR = 0.886, 95% CI: 0.791-0.992) and that to receive supplements (OR = 1.492, 95% CI: 1.330-1.673) and energy drinks significantly increased (OR = 1.480, 95% CI: 1.307-1.676).
Health literacy of adolescent athletes\' parents is associated with their children\'s willingness to receive medicines. Healthcare providers should counsel parents of adolescent athletes to allow their children to receive necessary drug treatments and prevent doping violations caused by supplement intake.