背景:2010年,萨尔瓦多出台了旨在改革该国儿童保护制度(CPS)的立法,重点是促进非制度化。
目的:本研究旨在探讨去机构化对萨尔瓦多CPS的影响。
方法:这项研究是在萨尔瓦多进行的,授予作者对在该国CPS具有丰富经验的关键线人的独特访问权限。与美国不同,分为各州,萨尔瓦多分为多个部门,和CPS提供者从所有14个部门招募。在东部促进了焦点小组,西,和中央区域,以确保所有区域的代表。
方法:在2019年6月/7月进行了定性半结构化访谈(n=26),然后在2019年8月进行了焦点小组(n=4)。对数据的分析采用了演绎和归纳主题编码方法的组合。
结果:CPS提供商提供了有价值的见解,分为五个主要主题:(1)萨尔瓦多CPS的优势,(2)包含社会环境因素的去制度化政策,(3)非制度化进程中的挑战,包括对非机构儿童的后续行动不足,(4)与会者的建议,强调加强利益相关者协调/合作的重要性,(5)范式转变的必要性,强调需要重新定义保护儿童免受虐待的社会契约。
结论:萨尔瓦多CPS需要实质性的系统性改变。令人鼓舞的是,关键线人不仅承诺改革非机构化进程,而且承诺改革萨尔瓦多更广泛的CPS系统,包括案件管理和机构环境中的护理质量。
In 2010, El Salvador introduced legislation aimed at reforming the country\'s Child Protective System (CPS), with a focus on promoting deinstitutionalization.
The study aim was to explore the impact of deinstitutionalization on the Salvadoran CPS.
The study was conducted in El Salvador, granting authors unique access to key informants with extensive experience in the country\'s CPS. Unlike the United States, which is divided into states, El Salvador is divided into departments, and CPS providers were recruited from all 14 departments. Focus groups were facilitated in the East, West, and Central zones to ensure representation from all regions.
Qualitative semi-structured interviews (n = 26) were conducted in June/July of 2019, which were then followed by focus groups (n = 4) in August 2019. The analysis of the data employed a combination of deductive and inductive thematic coding methods.
CPS providers offered valuable insights, categorized into five main themes: (1) Strengths of El Salvador\'s CPS, (2) Deinstitutionalization policy encompassing socioenvironmental contextual factors, (3) Challenges in the deinstitutionalization process, including insufficient follow-up on deinstitutionalized children, (4) Recommendations from participants, highlighting the importance of enhancing stakeholder coordination/collaboration, and (5) The necessity for a paradigm shift, emphasizing the need to redefine the social contract on protecting children from child maltreatment.
The Salvadoran CPS requires substantial systemic changes. Encouragingly, key informants have demonstrated a commitment to reform not only the deinstitutionalization process but also the broader CPS system in El Salvador including case management and quality of care in institutional settings.