背景:Aspalathuslinearis(通常称为rooibos)是南非开普植物区系特有的,是一种流行的草药饮料和皮肤植物治疗成分,与健康的好处主要来自其独特的酚类含量。几个,来自Cederberg(西开普省)和北开普省的看似栖息地特定的生态型具有形态学,生态,遗传和生化差异。
目标:尽管栽培品种在商业上很受欢迎,未培养的生态型在很大程度上研究不足。为了解决关于生化选区的知识差距,对15个种群进行了超高效液相色谱-质谱分析,实现50%(v/v)甲醇提取物的高通量代谢组学指纹分析。通过三种测定进行所选群体的抗氧化剂筛选,并评估对两种微生物物种的抗微生物活性。代谢组学结果通过提取物的总酚类和类黄酮筛选得到证实。
结论:通过多变量数据分析证实了rooibos生态型的位点特异性化学谱系。通过PLS-DA鉴定的重要特征揭示了某些暂定代谢物的相对丰度较高(例如,芦丁,aspalathin和apiin)存在于Dobbelaarskop中,Blomfontein,Welbedacht和Eselbank网站,与其他地方相比。几种未知的新型代谢物(例如,m/z155.0369、231.0513、443.1197、695.2883)负责种群的代谢组学分离,其中四个显示出更高的关键代谢物量,因此被选择用于生物活性分析。Welbedacht和Eselbank站点2种群始终显示出较高的抗氧化活性,2,2-偶氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)(ABTS)自由基清除活性为679.894±3.427µmolTrolox/g干物质和635.066±5.140µmolTrolox/g干物质,分别,与大量的酚类和类黄酮化合物相关。单个代谢物对路易波士的药理功效的贡献仍然未知,因此,因此,迫切需要进一步的结构阐明和植物生理学测试。
BACKGROUND: Aspalathus linearis (commonly known as rooibos) is endemic to the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa and is a popular herbal drink and skin phytotherapeutic ingredient, with health benefits derived primarily from its unique phenolic content. Several, seemingly habitat-specific
ecotypes from the Cederberg (Western Cape) and Northern Cape have morphological, ecological, genetic and biochemical differences.
OBJECTIVE: Despite the commercial popularity of the cultivated variety, the uncultivated
ecotypes are largely understudied. To address gaps in knowledge about the biochemical constituency, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of fifteen populations was performed, enabling high-throughput metabolomic fingerprinting of 50% (v/v) methanolic extracts. Antioxidant screening of selected populations was performed via three assays and antimicrobial activity on two microbial species was assessed. The metabolomic results were corroborated with total phenolic and flavonoid screening of the extracts.
CONCLUSIONS: Site-specific chemical lineages of rooibos
ecotypes were confirmed via multivariate data analyses. Important features identified via PLS-DA disclosed higher relative abundances of certain tentative metabolites (e.g., rutin, aspalathin and apiin) present in the Dobbelaarskop, Blomfontein, Welbedacht and Eselbank sites, in comparison to other locations. Several unknown novel metabolites (e.g., m/z 155.0369, 231.0513, 443.1197, 695.2883) are responsible for metabolomic separation of the populations, four of which showed higher amounts of key metabolites and were thus selected for bioactivity analysis. The Welbedacht and Eselbank site 2 populations consistently displayed higher antioxidant activities, with 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities of 679.894 ± 3.427 µmol Trolox/g dry matter and 635.066 ± 5.140 µmol Trolox/g dry matter, respectively, in correlation with a high number of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The contribution of the individual metabolites to the pharmacological effectiveness of rooibos remains unknown and as such, further structural elucidation and phytopharmacological testing is thus urgently needed.