■控制水牛蝇(狂犬病exigua,BF)主要依靠化学方法;然而,对杀虫剂的抗性在BF人群中普遍存在。对BF的抗性育种代表了一种可能的替代方案,但是直接对动物进行表型分析是费力的,而且往往不准确。鉴定低BF载体牛的可靠诊断生物标志物的可用性将有助于快速和准确地选择遗传改良。然而,关于牛对BF侵染的宿主反应差异的信息有限。
■这项研究调查了在BF峰值暴露之前(初始)和之后,Brangus牛血清蛋白质组学谱的变化,在低(LF)和高BF负担(HF)的牛中。使用视觉和摄影技术,根据多个日期的BF计数对牛的易感性进行表型分析。使用所有理论碎片离子质谱(SWATH-MS)的顺序窗口采集,分析了牛暴露于BF前后血清蛋白的相对丰度。
■暴露于BF在HF和LF牛中引起类似的反应,有79和70种蛋白质,分别,与相关的幼稚组相比,暴露后的丰度显着不同。来自初审HF和LF牛的血清样品的比较鉴定出44种显着差异丰富(DA)蛋白,而从暴露于BF后的HF和LF牛之间的比较中鉴定出37种显著的DA蛋白。幼稚LF牛中丰度较高的蛋白质富含血液凝固机制,这些机制在暴露于BF后得以维持。在幼稚LF牛中也发现了强烈的免疫反应机制,而这些反应仅在暴露于BF后在HF牛中产生。高BF牛也表现出积极的抗凝机制,以响应BF暴露,包括凝血因子IX的下调和抗凝血酶III的上调,这可能有助于BF喂食。
■与血液凝固和免疫反应途径相关的蛋白质丰度的潜在差异可能提供对BF侵染易感性的间接指标和生物标志物,以选择更多的抗BF牛。
UNASSIGNED: Control of buffalo flies (Haematobia irritans exigua, BFs) relies mainly on chemical methods; however, resistance to insecticides is widespread in BF populations. Breeding for resistance to BFs represents a possible alternative, but direct phenotyping of animals is laborious and often inaccurate. The availability of reliable diagnostic biomarker(s) to identify low BF carrier cattle would facilitate rapid and accurate selection for genetic improvement. However, limited information is available regarding differences amongst cattle in host responses to BF infestation.
UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the variation in Brangus cattle serum proteomic profiles before (naïve) and after peak BF exposure, in low (LF) and high BF burden (HF) cattle. Cattle were phenotyped for susceptibility based on BF counts on multiple dates using visual and photographic techniques. The relative abundance of serum proteins in cattle before and after exposure to BFs was analysed using sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS).
UNASSIGNED: Exposure to BFs elicited similar responses in HF and LF cattle, with 79 and 70 proteins, respectively, showing significantly different abundances post exposure as compared to their relevant naïve groups. The comparison of serum samples from naïve HF and LF cattle identified 44 significantly differentially abundant (DA) proteins, while 37 significantly DA proteins were identified from the comparison between HF and LF cattle post-exposure to BFs. Proteins with higher abundance in naïve LF cattle were enriched in blood coagulation mechanisms that were sustained after exposure to BFs. Strong immune response mechanisms were also identified in naïve LF cattle, whereas these responses developed in HF cattle only after exposure to BF. High BF cattle also showed active anticoagulation mechanisms in response to BF exposure, including downregulation of coagulation factor IX and upregulation of antithrombin-III, which might facilitate BF feeding.
UNASSIGNED: Underlying differences in the abundance of proteins related to blood coagulation and immune response pathways could potentially provide indirect indicators of susceptibility to BF infestation and biomarkers for selecting more BF-resistant cattle.